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Related papers: Post-selection inference for quantifying uncertain…

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$P$-values have been the focus of considerable criticism based on various considerations. Still, the $P$-value represents one of the most commonly used statistical tools. When assessing the suitability of a single hypothesized distribution,…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2010-01-13 Michael Evans , Gun Ho Jang

Quantile regression has been successfully used to study heterogeneous and heavy-tailed data. Varying-coefficient models are frequently used to capture changes in the effect of input variables on the response as a function of an index or…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-18 Ran Dai , Mladen Kolar

Modern machine learning methods including deep learning have achieved great success in predictive accuracy for supervised learning tasks, but may still fall short in giving useful estimates of their predictive {\em uncertainty}. Quantifying…

We study the problem of detecting change points (CPs) that are characterized by a subset of dimensions in a multi-dimensional sequence. A method for detecting those CPs can be formulated as a two-stage method: one for selecting relevant…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-03-05 Yuta Umezu , Ichiro Takeuchi

Predictive variability due to data ambiguities has typically been addressed via construction of dedicated models with built-in probabilistic capabilities that are trained to predict uncertainty estimates as variables of interest. These…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-04 Katarína Tóthová , Ľubor Ladický , Daniel Thul , Marc Pollefeys , Ender Konukoglu

It is common practice in statistical data analysis to perform data-driven variable selection and derive statistical inference from the resulting model. Such inference enjoys none of the guarantees that classical statistical theory provides…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-06-06 Richard Berk , Lawrence Brown , Andreas Buja , Kai Zhang , Linda Zhao

The notion of p-value is a fundamental concept in statistical inference and has been widely used for reporting outcomes of hypothesis tests. However, p-value is often misinterpreted, misused or miscommunicated in practice. Part of the issue…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-02-03 Sifan Liu , Regina Liu , Min-ge Xie

Hypothesis testing results often rely on simple, yet important assumptions about the behaviour of the distribution of p-values under the null and the alternative. We examine tests for one dimensional parameters of interest that converge to…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-06 Yanbo Tang , Radu Craiu , Lei Sun

We develop methodology for valid inference after variable selection in logistic regression when the responses are partially observed, that is, when one observes a set of error-prone testing outcomes instead of the true values of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-17 Qinyan Shen , Karl Gregory , Xianzheng Huang

It is commonly required to detect change points in sequences of random variables. In the most difficult setting of this problem, change detection must be performed sequentially with new observations being constantly received over time.…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-05-08 Gordon J Ross

The problem of detecting variance breaks in the case of smooth time-varying variance structure is studied. It is highlighted that the tests based on (piecewise) constant specification of the variance are not able to distinguish between…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-24 Ben Hajria Raja , Khardani Salah , Raïssi Hamdi

Real-world deployment of machine learning models is challenging because data evolves over time. While no model can work when data evolves in an arbitrary fashion, if there is some pattern to these changes, we might be able to design methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Rasool Fakoor , Jonas Mueller , Zachary C. Lipton , Pratik Chaudhari , Alexander J. Smola

Let $(X,Y)$ be a random variable consisting of an observed feature vector $X\in \mathcal{X}$ and an unobserved class label $Y\in \{1,2,...,L\}$ with unknown joint distribution. In addition, let $\mathcal{D}$ be a training data set…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-06-26 Lutz Duembgen , Bernd-Wolfgang Igl , Axel Munk

Numerous variable selection methods rely on a two-stage procedure, where a sparsity-inducing penalty is used in the first stage to predict the support, which is then conveyed to the second stage for estimation or inference purposes. In this…

Applications · Statistics 2015-05-28 Jean-Michel Bécu , Yves Grandvalet , Christophe Ambroise , Cyril Dalmasso

Many multiple testing procedures make use of the p-values from the individual pairs of hypothesis tests, and are valid if the p-value statistics are independent and uniformly distributed under the null hypotheses. However, it has recently…

Methodology · Statistics 2011-08-25 Joshua D. Habiger , Edsel A. Pena

Unsupervised transfer learning-based change detection methods exploit the feature extraction capability of pre-trained networks to distinguish changed pixels from the unchanged ones. However, their performance may vary significantly…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-17 Sudipan Saha

A/B tests are typically analyzed via frequentist p-values and confidence intervals; but these inferences are wholly unreliable if users endogenously choose samples sizes by *continuously monitoring* their tests. We define *always valid*…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2019-07-18 Ramesh Johari , Leo Pekelis , David J. Walsh

Positive predictive value and negative predictive value are two widely used parameters to assess the clinical usefulness of a medical diagnostic test. When there are two diagnostic tests, it is recommendable to make a comparative assessment…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-29 Antonio Martín Andrés , Pedro Femia Marzo

In many fields of research null hypothesis significance tests and p values are the accepted way of assessing the degree of certainty with which research results can be extrapolated beyond the sample studied. However, there are very serious…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-01-14 Michael Wood

The problem of quickest detection of a change in distribution is considered under the assumption that the pre-change distribution is known, and the post-change distribution is only known to belong to a family of distributions…

Applications · Statistics 2019-01-30 Tze Siong Lau , Wee Peng Tay , Venugopal V. Veeravalli