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Preconditioning is at the heart of iterative solutions of large, sparse linear systems of equations in scientific disciplines. Several algebraic approaches, which access no information beyond the matrix itself, are widely studied and used,…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-01-28 Jie Chen

Preconditioning techniques are crucial for enhancing the efficiency of solving large-scale linear equation systems that arise from partial differential equation (PDE) discretization. These techniques, such as Incomplete Cholesky…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Rui Li , Song Wang , Chen Wang

Large-scale numerical simulations often come at the expense of daunting computations. High-Performance Computing has enhanced the process, but adapting legacy codes to leverage parallel GPU computations remains challenging. Meanwhile,…

The conjugate gradient solver (CG) is a prevalent method for solving symmetric and positive definite linear systems Ax=b, where effective preconditioners are crucial for fast convergence. Traditional preconditioners rely on prescribed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Zherui Yang , Zhehao Li , Kangbo Lyu , Yixuan Li , Tao Du , Ligang Liu

Efficient numerical solvers for partial differential equations empower science and engineering. One of the commonly employed numerical solvers is the preconditioned conjugate gradient (PCG) algorithm which can solve large systems to a given…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-09-07 Yichen Li , Peter Yichen Chen , Tao Du , Wojciech Matusik

Solving systems of linear equations is a problem occuring frequently in water engineering applications. Usually the size of the problem is too large to be solved via direct factorization. One can resort to iterative approaches, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-18 Johannes Sappl , Laurent Seiler , Matthias Harders , Wolfgang Rauch

Most efficient linear solvers use composable algorithmic components, with the most common model being the combination of a Krylov accelerator and one or more preconditioners. A similar set of concepts may be used for nonlinear algebraic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-07-15 Peter R. Brune , Matthew G. Knepley , Barry F. Smith , Xuemin Tu

Recent work in deep learning has opened new possibilities for solving classical algorithmic tasks using end-to-end learned models. In this work, we investigate the fundamental task of solving linear systems, particularly those that are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Pietro Sittoni , Francesco Tudisco

The solution of a sparse system of linear equations is ubiquitous in scientific applications. Iterative methods, such as the Preconditioned Conjugate Gradient method (PCG), are normally chosen over direct methods due to memory and…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Joshua Dennis Booth , Hongyang Sun , Trevor Garnett

Gaussian process hyperparameter optimization requires linear solves with, and log-determinants of, large kernel matrices. Iterative numerical techniques are becoming popular to scale to larger datasets, relying on the conjugate gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Jonathan Wenger , Geoff Pleiss , Philipp Hennig , John P. Cunningham , Jacob R. Gardner

We propose a geometry-aware strategy for training neural preconditioners tailored to parametrized linear systems arising from the discretization of mixed-dimensional partial differential equations (PDEs). These systems are typically…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-22 Nunzio Dimola , Alessandro Coclite , Paolo Zunino

We study first-order methods with preconditioning for solving structured nonlinear convex optimization problems. We propose a new family of preconditioners generated by symmetric polynomials. They provide first-order optimization methods…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Nikita Doikov , Anton Rodomanov

Deep learning solvers for partial differential equations typically have limited accuracy. We propose to overcome this problem by using them as preconditioners. More specifically, we apply discretization-invariant neural operators to learn…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-02-09 Alexander Rudikov , Vladimir Fanaskov , Ekaterina Muravleva , Yuri M. Laevsky , Ivan Oseledets

It is tested whether machine learning methods can be used for preconditioning to increase the performance of the linear solver -- the backbone of the semi-implicit, grid-point model approach for weather and climate models. Embedding the…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-10-07 Jan Ackmann , Peter D. Düben , Tim N. Palmer , Piotr K. Smolarkiewicz

In this paper, we present a data-driven approach to iteratively solve the discrete heterogeneous Helmholtz equation at high wavenumbers. In our approach, we combine classical iterative solvers with convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-03-22 Yael Azulay , Eran Treister

Linear systems arise in generating samples and in calculating observables in lattice quantum chromodynamics~(QCD). Solving the Hermitian positive definite systems, which are sparse but ill-conditioned, involves using iterative methods, such…

High Energy Physics - Lattice · Physics 2025-09-15 Yixuan Sun , Srinivas Eswar , Yin Lin , William Detmold , Phiala Shanahan , Xiaoye Li , Yang Liu , Prasanna Balaprakash

Layer-wise preconditioning methods are a family of memory-efficient optimization algorithms that introduce preconditioners per axis of each layer's weight tensors. These methods have seen a recent resurgence, demonstrating impressive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Thomas T. Zhang , Behrad Moniri , Ansh Nagwekar , Faraz Rahman , Anton Xue , Hamed Hassani , Nikolai Matni

In this note we exploit polynomial preconditioners for the Conjugate Gradient method to solve large symmetric positive definite linear systems in a parallel environment. We put in connection a specialized Newton method to solve the matrix…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-11-30 Luca Bergamaschi , Angeles Martinez

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful models for graph-structured data, with broad applications. However, the interplay between GNN parameter optimization, expressivity, and generalization remains poorly understood. We address this by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Samir Moustafa , Lorenz Kummer , Simon Fetzel , Nils M. Kriege , Wilfried N. Gansterer

Learning precoding policies with neural networks enables low complexity online implementation, robustness to channel impairments, and joint optimization with channel acquisition. However, existing neural networks suffer from high training…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-12-05 Jia Guo , Chenyang Yang
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