English
Related papers

Related papers: Towards Real-world Debiasing: Rethinking Evaluatio…

200 papers

Large Language Models (LLMs) often exhibit social biases inherited from their training data. While existing benchmarks evaluate bias by term-based mode through direct term associations between demographic terms and bias terms, LLMs have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Jinhao Pan , Chahat Raj , Ziyu Yao , Ziwei Zhu

When a model's performance differs across socially or culturally relevant groups--like race, gender, or the intersections of many such groups--it is often called "biased." While much of the work in algorithmic fairness over the last several…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-07-01 Kristian Lum , Yunfeng Zhang , Amanda Bower

Deep learning models can perform well in complex medical imaging classification tasks, even when basing their conclusions on spurious correlations (i.e. confounders), should they be prevalent in the training dataset, rather than on the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Amar Kumar , Nima Fathi , Raghav Mehta , Brennan Nichyporuk , Jean-Pierre R. Falet , Sotirios Tsaftaris , Tal Arbel

Many problems in science and engineering require making predictions based on few observations. To build a robust predictive model, these sparse data may need to be augmented with simulated data, especially when the design space is…

Pretrained language models have been shown to exhibit biases and social stereotypes. Prior work on debiasing these models has largely focused on modifying embedding spaces during pretraining, which is not scalable for large models.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Deep Gandhi , Katyani Singh , Nidhi Hegde

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable adaptability to diverse tasks, by leveraging context prompts containing instructions, or minimal input-output examples. However, recent work revealed they also exhibit label bias -- an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Yuval Reif , Roy Schwartz

Predictive models that generalize well under distributional shift are often desirable and sometimes crucial to building robust and reliable machine learning applications. We focus on distributional shift that arises in causal inference from…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-02-27 Fredrik D. Johansson , Nathan Kallus , Uri Shalit , David Sontag

Standard supervised machine learning assumes that the distribution of the source samples used to train an algorithm is the same as the one of the target samples on which it is supposed to make predictions. However, as any data scientist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Pirmin Lemberger , Ivan Panico

Statistical decision algorithms are increasingly deployed in domains where ground-truth labels are hard to obtain, such as hiring, university admissions, and content moderation. In these settings, models are typically trained on historical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Calvin Isley , Johann D. Gaebler , Sharad Goel

The research on developing software defect prediction (SDP) models is targeted at reducing the workload on the tester and, thereby, the time spent on the targeted module. However, while a considerable amount of research has been done on…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-18 Umamaheswara Sharma B , Ravichandra Sadam

This paper highlights the need to bring document classification benchmarking closer to real-world applications, both in the nature of data tested ($X$: multi-channel, multi-paged, multi-industry; $Y$: class distributions and label set…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Jordy Van Landeghem , Sanket Biswas , Matthew B. Blaschko , Marie-Francine Moens

Many studies have shown various biases targeting different demographic groups in language models, amplifying discrimination and harming fairness. Recent parameter modification debiasing approaches significantly degrade core capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dianqing Liu , Yi Liu , Guoqing Jin , Zhendong Mao

Approaches based on deep neural networks have achieved striking performance when testing data and training data share similar distribution, but can significantly fail otherwise. Therefore, eliminating the impact of distribution shifts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Xingxuan Zhang , Peng Cui , Renzhe Xu , Linjun Zhou , Yue He , Zheyan Shen

Modern machine learning methods including deep learning have achieved great success in predictive accuracy for supervised learning tasks, but may still fall short in giving useful estimates of their predictive {\em uncertainty}. Quantifying…

Model-based optimization (MBO) is increasingly applied to design problems in science and engineering. A common scenario involves using a fixed training set to train models, with the goal of designing new samples that outperform those…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Farhan Damani , David H Brookes , Theodore Sternlieb , Cameron Webster , Stephen Malina , Rishi Jajoo , Kathy Lin , Sam Sinai

Deep learning has triggered the current rise of artificial intelligence and is the workhorse of today's machine intelligence. Numerous success stories have rapidly spread all over science, industry and society, but its limitations have only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Robert Geirhos , Jörn-Henrik Jacobsen , Claudio Michaelis , Richard Zemel , Wieland Brendel , Matthias Bethge , Felix A. Wichmann

Traditional approaches to learning fair machine learning models often require rebuilding models from scratch, typically without considering potentially existing models. In a context where models need to be retrained frequently, this can…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Federico Di Gennaro , Thibault Laugel , Vincent Grari , Marcin Detyniecki

Experimental datasets are growing rapidly in size, scope, and detail, but the value of these datasets is limited by unwanted measurement noise. It is therefore tempting to apply analysis techniques that attempt to reduce noise and enhance…

Applications · Statistics 2022-07-12 Kendrick Kay

In real-world image enhancement, it is often challenging (if not impossible) to acquire ground-truth data, preventing the adoption of distance metrics for objective quality assessment. As a result, one often resorts to subjective quality…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-22 Cao Peibei , Wang Zhangyang , Ma Kede

Diffusion models have recently shown promise in time series forecasting, particularly for probabilistic predictions. However, they often fail to achieve state-of-the-art point estimation performance compared to regression-based methods.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Hang Ding , Xue Wang , Tian Zhou , Tao Yao