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Generative models have emerged as powerful tools in medical imaging, enabling tasks such as segmentation, anomaly detection, and high-quality synthetic data generation. These models typically rely on learning meaningful latent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Jordi Malé , Juan Fortea , Mateus Rozalem-Aranha , Neus Martínez-Abadías , Xavier Sevillano

High-resolution (HR) MRI scans obtained from research-grade medical centers provide precise information about imaged tissues. However, routine clinical MRI scans are typically in low-resolution (LR) and vary greatly in contrast and spatial…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-25 Jueqi Wang , Jacob Levman , Walter Hugo Lopez Pinaya , Petru-Daniel Tudosiu , M. Jorge Cardoso , Razvan Marinescu

The burgeoning field of brain health research increasingly leverages artificial intelligence (AI) to interpret and analyze neurological data. This study introduces a novel approach towards the creation of medical foundation models by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-08 Joseph Cox , Peng Liu , Skylar E. Stolte , Yunchao Yang , Kang Liu , Kyle B. See , Huiwen Ju , Ruogu Fang

Other than vector representations, the direct objects of human cognition are generally high-order tensors, such as 2D images and 3D textures. From this fact, two interesting questions naturally arise: How does the human brain represent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2013-06-13 Guoqiang Zhong , Mohamed Cheriet

Detecting anomalies in brain MRI scans using supervised deep learning methods presents challenges due to anatomical diversity and labor-intensive requirement of pixel-level annotations. Generative models like Denoising Diffusion…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-01 Vivek Kumar Trivedi , Bheeshm Sharma , P. Balamurugan

AI-based neural decoding reconstructs visual perception by leveraging generative models to map brain activity, measured through functional MRI (fMRI), into latent hierarchical representations. Traditionally, ridge linear models transform…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-04 Lorenzo Veronese , Andrea Moglia , Luca Mainardi , Pietro Cerveri

Understanding 3D medical image volumes is critical in the medical field, yet existing 3D medical convolution and transformer-based self-supervised learning (SSL) methods often lack deep semantic comprehension. Recent advancements in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Qiuhui Chen , Xuancheng Yao , Huping Ye , Yi Hong

To make sense of their surroundings, intelligent systems must transform complex sensory inputs to structured codes that are reduced to task-relevant information such as object category. Biological agents achieve this in a largely autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Robin Weiler , Matthias Brucklacher , Cyriel M. A. Pennartz , Sander M. Bohté

Ultra-high-field (7 Tesla) BOLD fMRI offers exceptional detail in both spatial and temporal domains, along with robust signal-to-noise characteristics, making it a powerful modality for studying visual information processing in the brain.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Yujian Xiong , Xuanzhao Dong , Sebastian Waz , Wenhui Zhu , Negar Mallak , Zhong-lin Lu , Yalin Wang

Recent learning-based approaches have made astonishing advances in calibrated medical imaging like computerized tomography (CT), yet they struggle to generalize in uncalibrated modalities -- notably magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Peirong Liu , Oula Puonti , Xiaoling Hu , Daniel C. Alexander , Juan E. Iglesias

Diffusion models have recently emerged as powerful generative models in medical imaging. However, it remains a major challenge to combine these data-driven models with domain knowledge to guide brain imaging problems. In neuroimaging,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Ana Lawry Aguila , Dina Zemlyanker , You Cheng , Sudeshna Das , Daniel C. Alexander , Oula Puonti , Annabel Sorby-Adams , W. Taylor Kimberly , Juan Eugenio Iglesias

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a crucial diagnostic tool, but high-resolution scans are often slow and expensive due to extensive data acquisition requirements. Traditional MRI reconstruction methods aim to expedite this process by…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-11 Emmanuelle Bourigault , Abdullah Hamdi , Amir Jamaludin

Despite significant strides in visual quality assessment, the neural mechanisms underlying visual quality perception remain insufficiently explored. This study employed fMRI to examine brain activity during image quality assessment and…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Yiming Zhang , Ying Hu , Xiongkuo Min , Yan Zhou , Guangtao Zhai

Brain signal visualization has emerged as an active research area, serving as a critical interface between the human visual system and computer vision models. Although diffusion models have shown promise in analyzing functional magnetic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Bohan Zeng , Shanglin Li , Xuhui Liu , Sicheng Gao , Xiaolong Jiang , Xu Tang , Yao Hu , Jianzhuang Liu , Baochang Zhang

In recent years, research on decoding brain activity based on functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has made remarkable achievements. However, constraint-free natural image reconstruction from brain activity is still a challenge. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Chi Zhang , Kai Qiao , Linyuan Wang , Li Tong , Ying Zeng , Bin Yan

Capturing dynamic spatiotemporal neural activity is essential for understanding large-scale brain mechanisms. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides high-resolution cortical representations that form a strong basis for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Wanying Qu , Jianxiong Gao , Wei Wang , Yanwei Fu

Open-vocabulary 3D visual grounding aims to localize target objects based on free-form language queries, which is crucial for embodied AI applications such as autonomous navigation, robotics, and augmented reality. Learning 3D language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Zhenyang Liu , Sixiao Zheng , Siyu Chen , Cairong Zhao , Longfei Liang , Xiangyang Xue , Yanwei Fu

Among the most impressive recent applications of neural decoding is the visual representation decoding, where the category of an object that a subject either sees or imagines is inferred by observing his/her brain activity. Even though…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Angeliki Papadimitriou , Nikolaos Passalis , Anastasios Tefas

3D morphable models (3DMMs) are a powerful tool to represent the possible shapes and appearances of an object category. Given a single test image, 3DMMs can be used to solve various tasks, such as predicting the 3D shape, pose, semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Leonhard Sommer , Olaf Dünkel , Christian Theobalt , Adam Kortylewski

Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a powerful non-invasive tool for localizing and analyzing brain activity. This study focuses on one very important aspect of the functional properties of human brain, specifically the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2014-10-28 Harris V. Georgiou