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We determine a fundamental upper bound on the performance of any adaptive protocol for discrimination or estimation of a channel which has an unknown parameter encoded in the state of its environment. Since our approach relies on the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-29 Masahiro Takeoka , Mark M. Wilde

Optimal measurements for quantum multiparameter estimation are complicated by the uncertainty principle. Generally, there is a trade-off between the precision with which different parameters can be simultaneously estimated. The task of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-20 Simon K. Yung , C. M. Yung , Lorcán O. Conlon , Syed M. Assad

In Variational Quantum Simulations, the construction of a suitable parametric quantum circuit is subject to two counteracting effects. The number of parameters should be small for the device noise to be manageable, but also large enough for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-13 Lena Funcke , Tobias Hartung , Karl Jansen , Stefan Kühn , Manuel Schneider , Paolo Stornati

Unitary errors, such as those arising from fault-tolerant compilation of quantum algorithms, systematically bias observable estimates. Correcting this bias typically requires additional resources, such as an increased number of non-Clifford…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Dmitrii Khitrin , Kenneth R. Brown , Abhinav Anand

We present a hybrid quantum algorithm for estimating gaps in many-body energy spectra, supported by an analytic proof of its inherent resilience to state preparation and measurement errors, as well as mid-circuit multi-qubit depolarizing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-14 Woo-Ram Lee , Nathan M. Myers , V. W. Scarola

Quantum error correction allows to actively correct errors occurring in a quantum computation when the noise is weak enough. To make this error correction competitive information about the specific noise is required. Traditionally, this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Thomas Wagner , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß , Martin Kliesch

We investigate the performance of quantum parameter estimation based on a qubit probe in a dissipative bosonic environment beyond the traditional paradigm of weak-coupling and rotating-wave approximations. By making use of an exactly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-18 Wei Wu , Chuan Shi

Sampling noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices is a fundamental step that converts coherent quantum-circuit outputs to measurement data for running variational quantum algorithms that utilize gradient and Hessian methods in cost-function…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 Y. S. Teo

Quantum phase estimation is the workhorse behind any quantum algorithm and a promising method for determining ground state energies of strongly correlated quantum systems. Low-cost quantum phase estimation techniques make use of circuits…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 T. E. O'Brien , B. Tarasinski , B. M. Terhal

This paper examines the problem of estimating the parameters of a bandlimited signal from samples corrupted by random jitter (timing noise) and additive iid Gaussian noise, where the signal lies in the span of a finite basis. For the…

Applications · Statistics 2015-03-24 Daniel S. Weller , Vivek K Goyal

We consider the problem of estimating the state of a large but finite number $N$ of identical quantum systems. In the limit of large $N$ the problem simplifies. In particular the only relevant measure of the quality of the estimation is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-12-18 R. D. Gill , S. Massar

Quantum error correction is vital for implementing universal quantum computing. A key component is the encoding circuit that maps a product state of physical qubits into the encoded multipartite entangled logical state. Known methods are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-07 Xiaosi Xu , Simon C. Benjamin , Xiao Yuan

We establish the necessary and sufficient conditions for unbiased estimation in multi-parameter estimation tasks. More specifically, we first consider quantum state estimation, where multiple parameters are encoded in a quantum state, and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 Hyukgun Kwon , Kento Tsubouchi , Chia-Tung Chu , Liang Jiang

Quantum computation promises to advance a wide range of computational tasks. However, current quantum hardware suffers from noise and is too small for error correction. Thus, accurately utilizing noisy quantum computers strongly relies on…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-16 Friedrich Wagner , Daniel J. Egger , Frauke Liers

The quantum phase estimation (QPE) is one of the fundamental algorithms based on the quantum Fourier transform. It has applications in order-finding, factoring, and finding the eigenvalues of unitary operators. The major challenge in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-05 Muhammad Faizan , Muhammad Faryad

A systematic scheme is proposed to numerically estimate the quantum speed limit and temporal shape of optimal control in two-level and three-level quantum systems with bounded amplitude. For the two-level system, two quantum state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-02 Xikun Li

We present a unified approach to analyzing the cost of various quantum error mitigation methods on the basis of quantum estimation theory. By analyzing the quantum Fisher information matrix of a virtual quantum circuit that effectively…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-31 Kento Tsubouchi , Takahiro Sagawa , Nobuyuki Yoshioka

Quantum machine learning seeks to leverage quantum computers to improve upon classical machine learning algorithms. Currently, robust uncertainty quantification methods remain underdeveloped in the quantum domain, despite the critical need…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Douglas Spencer , Samual Nicholls , Michele Caprio

Adaptive data collection and analysis, where data are being fed back to update the measurement settings, can greatly increase speed, precision, and reliability of the characterization of quantum systems. However, decoherence tends to make…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-02-03 Markku P. V. Stenberg , Oliver Köhn , Frank K. Wilhelm

Variational hybrid quantum-classical optimization represents one of the most promising avenue to show the advantage of nowadays noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers in solving hard problems, such as finding the minimum-energy state of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-11-18 Laura Gentini , Alessandro Cuccoli , Stefano Pirandola , Paola Verrucchi , Leonardo Banchi