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Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) aims to generate a segmentation mask for the object described by a given language expression. Existing classic RES datasets and methods commonly support single-target expressions only, i.e., one…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Chang Liu , Henghui Ding , Xudong Jiang

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) is a widely explored multi-modal task, which endeavors to segment the pre-existing object within a single image with a given linguistic expression. However, in broader real-world scenarios, it is not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Yixuan Wu , Zhao Zhang , Xie Chi , Feng Zhu , Rui Zhao

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) and Comprehension (REC) respectively segment and detect the object described by an expression, while Referring Expression Generation (REG) generates an expression for the selected object. Existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Henghui Ding , Chang Liu , Shuting He , Xudong Jiang , Yu-Gang Jiang

Generalized Referring expressions can describe one object, several related objects, or none at all. Existing generalized referring segmentation (GRES) models treat all cases alike, predicting a single binary mask and ignoring how linguistic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-26 E-Ro Nguyen , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras , Michael S. Ryoo

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) enables precise object segmentation in images based on natural language descriptions, offering high flexibility and broad applicability in real-world vision tasks. Despite its impressive performance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Xingbai Chen , Tingchao Fu , Renyang Liu , Wei Zhou , Chao Yi

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES) is a core vision-language segmentation task that enables pixel-level understanding of targets via free-form linguistic expressions, supporting critical applications such as human-robot interaction and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Yihao Wang , Jusheng Zhang , Ziyi Tang , Keze Wang , Meng Yang

Referring expression segmentation (RES) aims at segmenting the entities' masks that match the descriptive language expression. While traditional RES methods primarily address object-level grounding, real-world scenarios demand a more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Jing Liu , Wenxuan Wang , Yisi Zhang , Yepeng Tang , Xingjian He , Longteng Guo , Tongtian Yue , Xinlong Wang

Different from universal object detection, referring expression comprehension (REC) aims to locate specific objects referred to by natural language expressions. The expression provides high-level concepts of relevant visual and contextual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Wei Su , Peihan Miao , Huanzhang Dou , Yongjian Fu , Xi Li

The newly proposed Generalized Referring Expression Segmentation (GRES) amplifies the formulation of classic RES by involving complex multiple/non-target scenarios. Recent approaches address GRES by directly extending the well-adopted RES…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Zhuoyan Luo , Yinghao Wu , Tianheng Cheng , Yong Liu , Yicheng Xiao , Hongfa Wang , Xiao-Ping Zhang , Yujiu Yang

3D Referring Expression Segmentation (3D-RES) is dedicated to segmenting a specific instance within a 3D space based on a natural language description. However, current approaches are limited to segmenting a single target, restricting the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Changli Wu , Yihang Liu , Jiayi Ji , Yiwei Ma , Haowei Wang , Gen Luo , Henghui Ding , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Referring expression comprehension (REC) aims to localize a target object in an image described by a referring expression phrased in natural language. Different from the object detection task that queried object labels have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Yanyuan Qiao , Chaorui Deng , Qi Wu

Referring expression segmentation aims to segment an object described by a language expression from an image. Despite the recent progress on this task, existing models tackling this task may not be able to fully capture semantics and visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Li Xu , Mark He Huang , Xindi Shang , Zehuan Yuan , Ying Sun , Jun Liu

Referring expression segmentation (RES) aims at segmenting the foreground masks of the entities that match the descriptive natural language expression. Previous datasets and methods for classic RES task heavily rely on the prior assumption…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Wenxuan Wang , Tongtian Yue , Yisi Zhang , Longteng Guo , Xingjian He , Xinlong Wang , Jing Liu

Referring Expression Generation (REG) aims to generate unambiguous Referring Expressions (REs) for objects in a visual scene, with a dual task of Referring Expression Comprehension (REC) to locate the referred object. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Fulong Ye , Yuxing Long , Fangxiang Feng , Xiaojie Wang

Referring image segmentation (RIS) aims to segment objects in an image conditioning on free-from text descriptions. Despite the overwhelming progress, it still remains challenging for current approaches to perform well on cases with various…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Yajie Liu , Pu Ge , Haoxiang Ma , Shichao Fan , Qingjie Liu , Di Huang , Yunhong Wang

Referring Expression Segmentation (RES), which is aimed at localizing and segmenting the target according to the given language expression, has drawn increasing attention. Existing methods jointly consider the localization and segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Hui Li , Mingjie Sun , Jimin Xiao , Eng Gee Lim , Yao Zhao

Referring Image Segmentation (RIS) requires identifying objects from images based on textual descriptions. We observe that existing methods significantly underperform on motion-related queries compared to appearance-based ones. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Chaeyun Kim , Seunghoon Yi , Yejin Kim , Yohan Jo , Joonseok Lee

Recent image segmentation models have advanced to segment images into high-quality masks for visual entities, and yet they cannot provide comprehensive semantic understanding for complex queries based on both language and vision. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Shengcao Cao , Zijun Wei , Jason Kuen , Kangning Liu , Lingzhi Zhang , Jiuxiang Gu , HyunJoon Jung , Liang-Yan Gui , Yu-Xiong Wang

Reference Expression Segmentation (RES) aims to segment image regions specified by referring expressions and has become popular with the rise of multimodal large models (MLLMs). While MLLMs excel in semantic understanding, their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Jingchao Wang , Zhijian Wu , Dingjiang Huang , Yefeng Zheng , Hong Wang

Referring expression segmentation (RES), a task that involves localizing specific instance-level objects based on free-form linguistic descriptions, has emerged as a crucial frontier in human-AI interaction. It demands an intricate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Ying Zang , Chenglong Fu , Runlong Cao , Didi Zhu , Min Zhang , Wenjun Hu , Lanyun Zhu , Tianrun Chen
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