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Masked Autoencoder (MAE) is a self-supervised approach for representation learning, widely applicable to a variety of downstream tasks in computer vision. In spite of its success, it is still not fully uncovered what and how MAE exactly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Jeongwoo Shin , Inseo Lee , Junho Lee , Joonseok Lee

Masked image modeling (MIM) has been recognized as a strong self-supervised pre-training approach in the vision domain. However, the mechanism and properties of the learned representations by such a scheme, as well as how to further enhance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Kevin Zhang , Zhiqiang Shen

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) methods, like Masked Autoencoders (MAE), efficiently learn a rich representation of the input. However, for adapting to downstream tasks, they require a sufficient amount of labeled data since their rich features…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Johannes Lehner , Benedikt Alkin , Andreas Fürst , Elisabeth Rumetshofer , Lukas Miklautz , Sepp Hochreiter

Inspired by the masked language modeling (MLM) in natural language processing tasks, the masked image modeling (MIM) has been recognized as a strong self-supervised pre-training method in computer vision. However, the high random mask ratio…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zhaowen Li , Yousong Zhu , Zhiyang Chen , Wei Li , Chaoyang Zhao , Rui Zhao , Ming Tang , Jinqiao Wang

Masked Autoencoders (MAEs) achieve impressive performance in image classification tasks, yet the internal representations they learn remain less understood. This work started as an attempt to understand the strong downstream classification…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Anika Shrivastava , Renu Rameshan , Samar Agnihotri

Generative modeling and representation learning are two key tasks in computer vision. However, these models are typically trained independently, which ignores the potential for each task to help the other, and leads to training and model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-03 Tianhong Li , Huiwen Chang , Shlok Kumar Mishra , Han Zhang , Dina Katabi , Dilip Krishnan

Masked autoencoders (MAE) have shown great promise in medical image classification. However, the random masking strategy employed by traditional MAEs may overlook critical areas in medical images, where even subtle changes can indicate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Joao Batista Florindo , Viviane de Moura

Masked autoencoder (MAE) is a promising self-supervised pre-training technique that can improve the representation learning of a neural network without human intervention. However, applying MAE directly to volumetric medical images poses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Jia-Xin Zhuang , Luyang Luo , Hao Chen

Masked image modeling (MIM) has become a leading self-supervised learning strategy. MIMs such as Masked Autoencoder (MAE) learn strong representations by randomly masking input tokens for the encoder to process, with the decoder…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Taekyung Kim , Sanghyuk Chun , Byeongho Heo , Dongyoon Han

This paper studies a conceptually simple extension of Masked Autoencoders (MAE) to spatiotemporal representation learning from videos. We randomly mask out spacetime patches in videos and learn an autoencoder to reconstruct them in pixels.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Christoph Feichtenhofer , Haoqi Fan , Yanghao Li , Kaiming He

Recent general-purpose audio representations show state-of-the-art performance on various audio tasks. These representations are pre-trained by self-supervised learning methods that create training signals from the input. For example,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-09 Daisuke Niizumi , Daiki Takeuchi , Yasunori Ohishi , Noboru Harada , Kunio Kashino

Self-supervised pre-training has proven highly effective for many computer vision tasks, particularly when labelled data are scarce. In the context of Earth Observation (EO), foundation models and various other Vision Transformer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Jose Sosa , Mohamed Aloulou , Danila Rukhovich , Rim Sleimi , Boonyarit Changaival , Anis Kacem , Djamila Aouada

Existing Masked Image Modeling (MIM) depends on a spatial patch-based masking-reconstruction strategy to perceive objects'features from unlabeled images, which may face two limitations when applied to chest CT: 1) inefficient feature…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-15 Jie Zheng , Ru Wen , Haiqin Hu , Lina Wei , Kui Su , Wei Chen , Chen Liu , Jun Wang

Large, pretrained models are commonly finetuned with imagery that is heavily augmented to mimic different conditions and scales, with the resulting models used for various tasks with imagery from a range of spatial scales. Such models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Colorado J. Reed , Ritwik Gupta , Shufan Li , Sarah Brockman , Christopher Funk , Brian Clipp , Kurt Keutzer , Salvatore Candido , Matt Uyttendaele , Trevor Darrell

Masked image modelling (MIM) is a powerful self-supervised representation learning paradigm, whose potential has not been widely demonstrated in medical image analysis. In this work, we show the capacity of MIM to capture rich semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Piotr Wójcik , Hussein Naji , Adrian Simon , Reinhard Büttner , Katarzyna Bożek

Transformers have shown significant effectiveness for various vision tasks including both high-level vision and low-level vision. Recently, masked autoencoders (MAE) for feature pre-training have further unleashed the potential of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Huiyu Duan , Wei Shen , Xiongkuo Min , Danyang Tu , Long Teng , Jia Wang , Guangtao Zhai

Vision Transformers (ViTs) outperforms convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in several vision tasks with its global modeling capabilities. However, ViT lacks the inductive bias inherent to convolution making it require a large amount of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Jiawei Mao , Honggu Zhou , Xuesong Yin , Yuanqi Chang. Binling Nie. Rui Xu

Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) reduces the X-ray radiation but compromises image quality with more noises and artifacts. A plethora of transformer models have been developed recently to improve LDCT image quality. However, the success…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-18 Dayang Wang , Yongshun Xu , Shuo Han , Hengyong Yu

Masked Autoencoder (MAE) has demonstrated superior performance on various vision tasks via randomly masking image patches and reconstruction. However, effective data augmentation strategies for MAE still remain open questions, different…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Kai Chen , Zhili Liu , Lanqing Hong , Hang Xu , Zhenguo Li , Dit-Yan Yeung

Understanding whether self-supervised learning methods can scale with unlimited data is crucial for training large-scale models. In this work, we conduct an empirical study on the scaling capability of masked image modeling (MIM) methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Cheng-Ze Lu , Xiaojie Jin , Qibin Hou , Jun Hao Liew , Ming-Ming Cheng , Jiashi Feng