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Pretraining on a large-scale corpus has become a standard method to build general language models (LMs). Adapting a model to new data distributions targeting different downstream tasks poses significant challenges. Naive fine-tuning may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Wuyang Chen , Yanqi Zhou , Nan Du , Yanping Huang , James Laudon , Zhifeng Chen , Claire Cu

Methods for knowledge editing and unlearning in large language models seek to edit or remove undesirable knowledge or capabilities without compromising general language modeling performance. This work investigates how mechanistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Phillip Guo , Aaquib Syed , Abhay Sheshadri , Aidan Ewart , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite

While locate-then-edit knowledge editing efficiently updates knowledge encoded within Large Language Models (LLMs), a critical generalization failure mode emerges in the practical same-subject knowledge editing scenario: models fail to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xiyu Liu , Qingyi Si , Zhengxiao Liu , Chenxu Yang , Naibin Gu , Zheng Lin

Knowledge augmentation has significantly enhanced the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) in knowledge-intensive tasks. However, existing methods typically operate on the simplistic premise that model performance equates with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Hao Chen , Ye He , Yuchun Fan , Yukun Yan , Zhenghao Liu , Qingfu Zhu , Maosong Sun , Wanxiang Che

The storage and recall of factual associations in auto-regressive transformer language models (LMs) have drawn a great deal of attention, inspiring knowledge editing by directly modifying the located model weights. Most editing works…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Xiyu Liu , Zhengxiao Liu , Naibin Gu , Zheng Lin , Wanli Ma , Ji Xiang , Weiping Wang

The exponential growth of scientific literature challenges researchers extracting and synthesizing knowledge. Traditional search engines return many sources without direct, detailed answers, while general-purpose LLMs may offer concise…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Sajratul Y. Rubaiat , Hasan M. Jamil

Knowledge editing aims to efficiently update Large Language Models (LLMs) by modifying specific knowledge without retraining the entire model. Among knowledge editing approaches, in-context editing (ICE) offers a lightweight solution by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Changyue Wang , Weihang Su , Qingyao Ai , Yujia Zhou , Yiqun Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate exceptional capabilities in factual question answering, yet they sometimes provide incorrect responses. To address this issue, knowledge editing techniques have emerged as effective methods for…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Zhenning Chen , Hanbei Zhan , Yanwei Huang , Xin Wu , Dazhen Deng , Di Weng , Yingcai Wu

Model editing aims to efficiently alter the behavior of Large Language Models (LLMs) within a desired scope, while ensuring no adverse impact on other inputs. Recent years have witnessed various model editing methods been proposed. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Renzhi Wang , Piji Li

Large language models (LLMs) can store a significant amount of factual knowledge in their parameters. However, their parametric knowledge may conflict with the information provided in the context -- this phenomenon, known as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yu Zhao , Alessio Devoto , Giwon Hong , Xiaotang Du , Aryo Pradipta Gema , Hongru Wang , Xuanli He , Kam-Fai Wong , Pasquale Minervini

Intelligent systems must maintain and manipulate task-relevant information online to adapt to dynamic environments and changing goals. This capacity, known as working memory, is fundamental to human reasoning and intelligence. Despite…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Hua-Dong Xiong , Li Ji-An , Jiaqi Huang , Robert C. Wilson , Kwonjoon Lee , Xue-Xin Wei

Breakthroughs in deep learning and memory networks have made major advances in natural language understanding. Language is sequential and information carried through the sequence can be captured through memory networks. Learning the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-22 Anupiya Nugaliyadde

In-context knowledge editing (IKE) enables efficient modification of large language model (LLM) outputs without parameter changes and at zero-cost. However, it can be misused to manipulate responses opaquely, e.g., insert misinformation or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-11 Paul Youssef , Zhixue Zhao , Jörg Schlötterer , Christin Seifert

Recent work has demonstrated that machine unlearning in Large Language Models (LLMs) fails to generalize across languages: knowledge erased in one language frequently remains accessible through others. However, the underlying cause of this…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Taoran Li , Varun Chandrasekaran , Zhiyuan Yu

Knowledge editing technology is crucial for maintaining the accuracy and timeliness of large language models (LLMs) . However, the setting of this task overlooks a significant portion of commonsense knowledge based on free-text in the real…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Xiusheng Huang , Yequan Wang , Jun Zhao , Kang Liu

As real-world knowledge evolves, the information embedded within large language models (LLMs) can become outdated, inadequate, or erroneous. Model editing has emerged as a prominent approach for updating LLMs' knowledge with minimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Guoxiu He , Xin Song , Aixin Sun

Despite their exceptional capabilities, large language models (LLMs) are prone to generating unintended text due to false or outdated knowledge. Given the resource-intensive nature of retraining LLMs, there has been a notable increase in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Jun-Yu Ma , Zhen-Hua Ling , Ningyu Zhang , Jia-Chen Gu

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit strong general language capabilities. However, fine-tuning these models on domain-specific tasks often leads to catastrophic forgetting, where the model overwrites or loses essential knowledge acquired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Shezheng Song , Hao Xu , Jun Ma , Shasha Li , Long Peng , Qian Wan , Xiaodong Liu , Jie Yu

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit strong performance on factual recall and general reasoning but struggle to adapt to user-specific, commonsense knowledge, a challenge particularly acute in small-parameter settings where computational…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Varun Reddy , Yen-Ling Kuo

The dynamic nature of information necessitates continuously updating large vision-language models (LVLMs). While recent knowledge editing techniques hint at promising directions, they often focus on editing a single modality (vision or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jin Seong , Jiyun Park , Wencke Liermann , Hongseok Choi , Yoonji Nam , Hyun Kim , Soojong Lim , Namhoon Lee