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Emotional text-to-speech (TTS) systems sturggle to capture the full spectrum of human emotions due to the inherent complexity of emotional expressions and the limited coverage of existing emotion labels. To address this, we propose a…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Kun Zhou , You Zhang , Dianwen Ng , Shengkui Zhao , Hao Wang , Bin Ma

Text-to-image generation models are powerful but difficult to use. Users craft specific prompts to get better images, though the images can be repetitive. This paper proposes a Prompt Expansion framework that helps users generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Siddhartha Datta , Alexander Ku , Deepak Ramachandran , Peter Anderson

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in understanding various types of image, including text-rich images. Most existing text-rich image benchmarks are simple extraction-based question answering, and many…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Jian Chen , Ruiyi Zhang , Yufan Zhou , Ryan Rossi , Jiuxiang Gu , Changyou Chen

We propose a novel approach, MUSE, to illustrate textual attributes visually via portrait generation. MUSE takes a set of attributes written in text, in addition to facial features extracted from a photo of the subject as input. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Xiaodan Hu , Pengfei Yu , Kevin Knight , Heng Ji , Bo Li , Honghui Shi

The performance of computer vision models in certain real-world applications (e.g., rare wildlife observation) is limited by the small number of available images. Expanding datasets using pre-trained generative models is an effective way to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Changjian Chen , Fei Lv , Yalong Guan , Pengcheng Wang , Shengjie Yu , Yifan Zhang , Zhuo Tang

The recent surge of versatile large language models (LLMs) largely depends on aligning increasingly capable foundation models with human intentions by preference learning, enhancing LLMs with excellent applicability and effectiveness in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ruili Jiang , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Zhixuan He , Juntao Li , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

AI-based text-to-image models do not only excel at generating realistic images, they also give designers more and more fine-grained control over the image content. Consequently, these approaches have gathered increased attention within the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Sebastian Hartwig , Dominik Engel , Leon Sick , Hannah Kniesel , Tristan Payer , Poonam Poonam , Michael Glöckler , Alex Bäuerle , Timo Ropinski

To mitigate the risk of harmful outputs from large vision models (LVMs), we introduce the SafeSora dataset to promote research on aligning text-to-video generation with human values. This dataset encompasses human preferences in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Josef Dai , Tianle Chen , Xuyao Wang , Ziran Yang , Taiye Chen , Jiaming Ji , Yaodong Yang

Recent advancements in diffusion models have significantly impacted content creation, leading to the emergence of Personalized Content Synthesis (PCS). By utilizing a small set of user-provided examples featuring the same subject, PCS aims…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Xulu Zhang , Xiaoyong Wei , Wentao Hu , Jinlin Wu , Jiaxin Wu , Wengyu Zhang , Zhaoxiang Zhang , Zhen Lei , Qing Li

Human preference evaluations are widely used to compare generative models, yet it remains unclear how many judgments are required to reliably detect small improvements. We show that when preference signal is diffuse across prompts (i.e.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Wilson Y. Lee

Measuring alignment between language and vision is a fundamental challenge, especially as multimodal data becomes increasingly detailed and complex. Existing methods often rely on collecting human or AI preferences, which can be costly and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Hyojin Bahng , Caroline Chan , Fredo Durand , Phillip Isola

Human preference alignment is critical in building powerful and reliable large language models (LLMs). However, current methods either ignore the multi-dimensionality of human preferences (e.g. helpfulness and harmlessness) or struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Xingzhou Lou , Junge Zhang , Jian Xie , Lifeng Liu , Dong Yan , Kaiqi Huang

Benefiting from pre-trained text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models, real-world image super-resolution (Real-ISR) methods can synthesize rich and realistic details. However, due to the inherent stochasticity of T2I models, different noise…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Rongyuan Wu , Lingchen Sun , Zhengqiang Zhang , Shihao Wang , Tianhe Wu , Qiaosi Yi , Shuai Li , Lei Zhang

Evaluation metrics for image captioning face two challenges. Firstly, commonly used metrics such as CIDEr, METEOR, ROUGE and BLEU often do not correlate well with human judgments. Secondly, each metric has well known blind spots to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-06-19 Yin Cui , Guandao Yang , Andreas Veit , Xun Huang , Serge Belongie

Incorporating human feedback has been shown to be crucial to align text generated by large language models to human preferences. We hypothesize that state-of-the-art instructional image editing models, where outputs are generated based on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Shu Zhang , Xinyi Yang , Yihao Feng , Can Qin , Chia-Chih Chen , Ning Yu , Zeyuan Chen , Huan Wang , Silvio Savarese , Stefano Ermon , Caiming Xiong , Ran Xu

Existing automatic evaluation on text-to-image synthesis can only provide an image-text matching score, without considering the object-level compositionality, which results in poor correlation with human judgments. In this work, we propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Yujie Lu , Xianjun Yang , Xiujun Li , Xin Eric Wang , William Yang Wang

To prevent misinformation and social issues arising from trustworthy-looking content generated by LLMs, it is crucial to develop efficient and reliable methods for identifying the source of texts. Previous approaches have demonstrated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Fangqi Dai , Xingjian Jiang , Zizhuang Deng

Text-based Person Search (TPS), is targeted on retrieving pedestrians to match text descriptions instead of query images. Recent Vision-Language Pre-training (VLP) models can bring transferable knowledge to downstream TPS tasks, resulting…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Guanshuo Wang , Fufu Yu , Junjie Li , Qiong Jia , Shouhong Ding

In this work, we investigate the personalization of text-to-music diffusion models in a few-shot setting. Motivated by recent advances in the computer vision domain, we are the first to explore the combination of pre-trained text-to-audio…

A major challenge in the field of Text Generation is evaluation: Human evaluations are cost-intensive, and automated metrics often display considerable disagreement with human judgments. In this paper, we propose a statistical model of Text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jan Deriu , Pius von Däniken , Don Tuggener , Mark Cieliebak