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Large Language Models (LLMs) often produce plausible but poorly-calibrated answers, limiting their reliability on reasoning-intensive tasks. We present Reinforcement Learning from Self-Feedback (RLSF), a post-training stage that uses the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Carel van Niekerk , Renato Vukovic , Benjamin Matthias Ruppik , Hsien-chin Lin , Milica Gašić

With the rapid advances in Large Language Models (LLMs), aligning LLMs with human preferences become increasingly important. Although Reinforcement Learning with Human Feedback (RLHF) proves effective, it is complicated and highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Shiqi Wang , Zhengze Zhang , Rui Zhao , Fei Tan , Cam Tu Nguyen

With the development of large language models (LLMs), striking a balance between the performance and safety of AI systems has never been more critical. However, the inherent tension between the objectives of helpfulness and harmlessness…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Josef Dai , Xuehai Pan , Ruiyang Sun , Jiaming Ji , Xinbo Xu , Mickel Liu , Yizhou Wang , Yaodong Yang

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is a popular method for aligning Language Models (LM) with human values and preferences. RLHF requires a large number of preference pairs as training data, which are often used in both the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Tim Baumgärtner , Yang Gao , Dana Alon , Donald Metzler

Despite notable advancements in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), most state-of-the-art models have not undergone thorough alignment with human preferences. This gap exists because current alignment research has primarily achieved…

Learning from human feedback (LHF) -- and in particular learning from pairwise preferences -- has recently become a crucial ingredient in training large language models (LLMs), and has been the subject of much research. Most recent works…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Vincent Dumoulin , Daniel D. Johnson , Pablo Samuel Castro , Hugo Larochelle , Yann Dauphin

AI alignment in the shape of Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is increasingly treated as a crucial ingredient for high performance large language models. Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) has been positioned by recent…

While recent advances have boosted LM proficiency in linguistic benchmarks, LMs consistently struggle to reason correctly on complex tasks like mathematics. We turn to Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) as a method with which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-13 Sarah Pan , Vladislav Lialin , Sherin Muckatira , Anna Rumshisky

Pre-trained Language Models (LMs) exhibit strong zero-shot and in-context learning capabilities; however, their behaviors are often difficult to control. By utilizing Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), it is possible to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-31 Avelina Asada Hadji-Kyriacou , Ognjen Arandjelovic

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has played a crucial role in the success of large models such as ChatGPT. RLHF is a reinforcement learning framework which combines human feedback to improve learning effectiveness and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Feiyang Han , Yimin Wei , Zhaofeng Liu , Yanxing Qi

Recent advances in aligning Large Language Models with human preferences have benefited from larger reward models and better preference data. However, most of these methodologies rely on the accuracy of the reward model. The reward models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Debangshu Banerjee , Aditya Gopalan

The success of RL for LLM post-training stems from an unreasonably uninformative source: a single bit of information per rollout as binary reward or preference label. At the other extreme, distillation offers dense supervision but requires…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Yuda Song , Lili Chen , Fahim Tajwar , Remi Munos , Deepak Pathak , J. Andrew Bagnell , Aarti Singh , Andrea Zanette

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) is the standard for aligning Large Language Models (LLMs), yet recent progress has moved beyond canonical text-based methods. This survey synthesizes the new frontier of alignment research…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Raghav Sharma , Manan Mehta , Sai Tiger Raina

Reinforcement Learning (RL) in environments with complex, history-dependent reward structures poses significant challenges for traditional methods. In this work, we introduce a novel approach that leverages automaton-based feedback to guide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Mahyar Alinejad , Alvaro Velasquez , Yue Wang , George Atia

Current audio captioning relies on supervised learning with paired audio-caption data, which is costly to curate and may not reflect human preferences in real-world scenarios. To address this, we propose a preference-aligned audio…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Kartik Hegde , Rehana Mahfuz , Yinyi Guo , Erik Visser

Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has shown great potential in fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) to align with human preferences. Existing methods perform preference alignment from a fixed dataset, which can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Chenjia Bai , Yang Zhang , Shuang Qiu , Qiaosheng Zhang , Kang Xu , Xuelong Li

Reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) offers a promising approach to aligning large language models (LLMs) with human preferences. Typically, a reward model is trained or supplied to act as a proxy for humans in evaluating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Jiahui Li , Lin Li , Tai-wei Chang , Kun Kuang , Long Chen , Jun Zhou , Cheng Yang

As large language models increasingly drive real-world applications, aligning them with human values becomes paramount. Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF) has emerged as a key technique, translating preference data into…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Yunzhen Feng , Ariel Kwiatkowski , Kunhao Zheng , Julia Kempe , Yaqi Duan

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have been remarkable, with new models consistently surpassing their predecessors. These advancements are underpinned by extensive research on various training mechanisms. Among these,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Hansle Gwon , Imjin Ahn , Young-Hak Kim , Sanghyun Park , Tae Joon Jun

ChatGLM is a free-to-use AI service powered by the ChatGLM family of large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we present the ChatGLM-RLHF pipeline -- a reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) system -- designed to enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Zhenyu Hou , Yilin Niu , Zhengxiao Du , Xiaohan Zhang , Xiao Liu , Aohan Zeng , Qinkai Zheng , Minlie Huang , Hongning Wang , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong