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There has been a recent surge of interest in time series modeling using the Transformer architecture. However, forecasting multivariate time series with Transformer presents a unique challenge as it requires modeling both temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yu-Hsiang Lan , Eric K. Oermann

Making accurate forecasts for a complex system is a challenge in various practical applications. The major difficulty in solving such a problem concerns nonlinear spatiotemporal dynamics with time-varying characteristics. Takens' delay…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-09 Hao Peng , Wei Wang , Pei Chen , Rui Liu

Seasonal forecasting remains challenging due to the inherent chaotic nature of atmospheric dynamics. This paper introduces DeepSeasons, a novel deep learning approach designed to enhance the accuracy and reliability of seasonal forecasts.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2025-09-16 A. Navarra , G. G. Navarra

We introduce the optimized dynamic mode decomposition algorithm for constructing an adaptive and computationally efficient reduced order model and forecasting tool for global atmospheric chemistry dynamics. By exploiting a low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Meghana Velegar , Christoph Keller , J. Nathan Kutz

In machine learning, effective modeling requires a holistic consideration of how to encode inputs, make predictions (i.e., decoding), and train the model. However, in time-series forecasting, prior work has predominantly focused on encoder…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Jaebin Lee , Hankook Lee

Many of today's data is time-series data originating from various sources, such as sensors, transaction systems, or production systems. Major challenges with such data include privacy and business sensitivity. Generative time-series models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-19 David Bergström , Mattias Tiger , Fredrik Heintz

Time series forecasting (TSF) plays a crucial role in various domains, including web data analysis, energy consumption prediction, and weather forecasting. While Multi-Layer Perceptrons (MLPs) are lightweight and effective for capturing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Zhengnan Li , Haoxuan Li , Hao Wang , Jun Fang , Yuting Tan , Xilong Cheng Yunxiao Qin

Among the existing Transformer-based multivariate time series forecasting methods, iTransformer, which treats each variable sequence as a token and only explicitly extracts cross-variable dependencies, and PatchTST, which adopts a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Liyang Qin , Xiaoli Wang , Chunhua Yang , Huaiwen Zou , Haochuan Zhang

Time series forecasting is important for applications spanning energy markets, climate analysis, and traffic management. However, existing methods struggle to effectively integrate exogenous texts and align them with the probabilistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Yueyang Yao , Jiajun Li , Xingyuan Dai , MengMeng Zhang , Xiaoyan Gong , Fei-Yue Wang , Yisheng Lv

Time series forecasting is an important task in many fields ranging from supply chain management to weather forecasting. Recently, Transformer neural network architectures have shown promising results in forecasting on common time series…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Rares Cristian , Pavithra Harsha , Clemente Ocejo , Georgia Perakis , Brian Quanz , Ioannis Spantidakis , Hamza Zerhouni

Spatiotemporal traffic data (STTD) displays complex correlational structures. Extensive advanced techniques have been designed to capture these structures for effective forecasting. However, because STTD is often massive in scale,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Tong Nie , Guoyang Qin , Lijun Sun , Wei Ma , Yu Mei , Jian Sun

The integration of Fourier transform and deep learning opens new avenues for time series forecasting. We reconsider the Fourier transform from a basis functions perspective. Specifically, the real and imaginary parts of the frequency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Runze Yang , Longbing Cao , Xin You , Kun Fang , Jianxun Li , Jie Yang

A univariate time series with high variability can pose a challenge even to Deep Neural Network (DNN). To overcome this, a univariate time series is decomposed into simpler constituent series, whose sum equals the original series. As…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Debdarsan Niyogi

Mining time-frequency features is critical for time series forecasting. Existing research has predominantly focused on modeling low-frequency patterns, where most time series energy is concentrated. The overlooking of mid to high frequency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Boya Zhang , Shuaijie Yin , Huiwen Zhu , Xing He

Probabilistic time series forecasting is crucial for quantifying future uncertainty, with significant applications in fields such as energy and finance. However, existing methods often rely on computationally expensive sampling or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Lei Liu , Tengyuan Liu , Hongwei Zhao , Jiahui Huang , Ruibo Guo , Bin Li

Time series forecasting is a critical task in various domains, where accurate predictions can drive informed decision-making. Traditional forecasting methods often rely on current observations of variables to predict future outcomes,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Wentao Gao , Xiaojing Du , Wenjun Yu , Xiongren Chen , Yifan Guo , Feiyu Yang

Many real-world control systems, such as the smart grid and human sensorimotor control systems, have decentralized components that react quickly using local information and centralized components that react slowly using a more global view.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-11-15 Gautam Goel , Niangjun Chen , Adam Wierman

Transformer-based methods have achieved impressive results in time series forecasting. However, existing Transformers still exhibit limitations in sequence modeling as they tend to overemphasize temporal dependencies. This incurs additional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Tan Wang , Yun Wei Dong , Qi Wang

Recently, MLP-like vision models have achieved promising performances on mainstream visual recognition tasks. In contrast with vision transformers and CNNs, the success of MLP-like models shows that simple information fusion operations…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-22 Ziyu Wang , Wenhao Jiang , Yiming Zhu , Li Yuan , Yibing Song , Wei Liu

Determining an effective data mixture is a key factor in Large Language Model (LLM) pre-training, where models must balance general competence with proficiency on hard tasks such as math and code. However, identifying an optimal mixture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Shengrui Li , Fei Zhao , Kaiyan Zhao , Jieying Ye , Haifeng Liu , Fangcheng Shi , Zheyong Xie , Yao Hu , Shaosheng Cao