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Related papers: Controllable Continual Test-Time Adaptation

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Tabular data plays a vital role in various real-world scenarios and finds extensive applications. Although recent deep tabular models have shown remarkable success, they still struggle to handle data distribution shifts, leading to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Zhi Zhou , Kun-Yang Yu , Lan-Zhe Guo , Yu-Feng Li

Test-time adaptation (TTA) is a technique aimed at enhancing the generalization performance of models by leveraging unlabeled samples solely during prediction. Given the need for robustness in neural network systems when faced with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-07 Yongcan Yu , Lijun Sheng , Ran He , Jian Liang

Recently, test-time adaptation (TTA) has been proposed as a promising solution for addressing distribution shifts. It allows a base model to adapt to an unforeseen distribution during inference by leveraging the information from the batch…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Tong Wu , Feiran Jia , Xiangyu Qi , Jiachen T. Wang , Vikash Sehwag , Saeed Mahloujifar , Prateek Mittal

Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to improve the performance of source-domain pre-trained models on previously unseen, shifted target domains. Traditional TTA methods primarily adapt model weights based on target data streams, making model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jiayi Guo , Junhao Zhao , Chaoqun Du , Yulin Wang , Chunjiang Ge , Zanlin Ni , Shiji Song , Humphrey Shi , Gao Huang

Unsupervised tabular anomaly detection methods typically learn feature patterns from normal samples during training and subsequently identify samples that deviate from these patterns as anomalies during testing. However, in practical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wei Huang , Hezhe Qiao , Kailai Zhang , Zaisheng Ye , Yu-Ming Shang , Xiangling Fu

This article presents a comprehensive survey of online test-time adaptation (OTTA), focusing on effectively adapting machine learning models to distributionally different target data upon batch arrival. Despite the recent proliferation of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Zixin Wang , Yadan Luo , Liang Zheng , Zhuoxiao Chen , Sen Wang , Zi Huang

Fully test-time adaptation aims at adapting a pre-trained model to the test stream during real-time inference, which is urgently required when the test distribution differs from the training distribution. Several efforts have been devoted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Bowen Zhao , Chen Chen , Shu-Tao Xia

Continual Test-Time Adaptation (CTTA) aims to online adapt a pre-trained model to changing environments during inference. Most existing methods focus on exploiting target data, while overlooking another crucial source of information, the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Kunyu Wang , Xueyang Fu , Yuanfei Bao , Chengjie Ge , Chengzhi Cao , Wei Zhai , Zheng-Jun Zha

Existing domain adaptation methods assume that domain discrepancies are caused by a few discrete attributes and variations, e.g., art, real, painting, quickdraw, etc. We argue that this is not realistic as it is implausible to define the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Yinsong Xu , Zhuqing Jiang , Aidong Men , Yang Liu , Qingchao Chen

Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to adapt a model, initially trained on training data, to test data with potential distribution shifts. Most existing TTA methods focus on classification problems. The pronounced success of classification…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Chang'an Yi , Haotian Chen , Yifan Zhang , Yonghui Xu , Yan Zhou , Lizhen Cui

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP achieve strong zero-shot recognition but degrade significantly under \textit{temporally evolving distribution shifts} common in real-world scenarios (e.g., gradual illumination or seasonal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Shuang Cui , Jinglin Xu , Yi Li , Xiongxin Tang , Jiangmeng Li , Jiahuan Zhou , Fanjiang Xu , Fuchun Sun , Hui Xiong

Continual adaptation to domain shifts at test time (CTTA) is crucial for enhancing the intelligence of deep learning enabled IoT applications. However, prevailing TTA methods, which typically update all batch normalization (BN) layers,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Youbing Hu , Yun Cheng , Zimu Zhou , Anqi Lu , Zhiqiang Cao , Zhijun Li

Test-time adaptation (TTA) refers to adapting a trained model to a new domain during testing. Existing TTA techniques rely on having multiple test images from the same domain, yet this may be impractical in real-world applications such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-19 Haoyu Dong , Nicholas Konz , Hanxue Gu , Maciej A. Mazurowski

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) enhance interpretability by explaining predictions through human-understandable concepts but typically assume that training and test data share the same distribution. This assumption often fails under domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-09 Xinyue Xu , Yueying Hu , Hui Tang , Yi Qin , Lu Mi , Hao Wang , Xiaomeng Li

Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims to transfer knowledge from a source model to unknown test data with potential distribution shifts in an online manner. Many existing TTA methods rely on entropy as a confidence metric to optimize the model.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Chang'an Yi , Xiaohui Deng , Shuaicheng Niu , Yan Zhou

While test-time adaptation (TTA) methods effectively address domain shifts by dynamically adapting pre-trained models to target domain data during online inference, their application to 3D point clouds is hindered by their irregular and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Xin Wei , Qin Yang , Yijie Fang , Mingrui Zhu , Nannan Wang

Domain Adaptation (DA) techniques are important for overcoming the domain shift between the source domain used for training and the target domain where testing takes place. However, current DA methods assume that the entire target domain is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Abu Md Niamul Taufique , Chowdhury Sadman Jahan , Andreas Savakis

Test-time adaptation (TTA) aims at adapting a model pre-trained on the labeled source domain to the unlabeled target domain. Existing methods usually focus on improving TTA performance under covariate shifts, while neglecting semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Zhengqing Gao , Xu-Yao Zhang , Cheng-Lin Liu

Graph-based learning excels at capturing interaction patterns in diverse domains like recommendation, fraud detection, and particle physics. However, its performance often degrades under distribution shifts, especially those altering…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Hans Hao-Hsun Hsu , Shikun Liu , Han Zhao , Pan Li

Image-to-image translation has emerged as a powerful technique in medical imaging, enabling tasks such as image denoising and cross-modality conversion. However, it suffers from limitations in handling out-of-distribution samples without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Irene Iele , Francesco Di Feola , Valerio Guarrasi , Paolo Soda