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First quantum computers very recently have demonstrated "quantum supremacy" or "quantum advantage": Executing a computation that would have been impossible on a classical machine. Today's quantum computers follow the NISQ paradigm: They…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-30 Sebastian Brandhofer , Simon Devitt , Thomas Wellens , Ilia Polian

Quantum computing holds promise across various fields, particularly with the advent of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, which can outperform classical supercomputers in specific tasks. However, challenges such as noise and…

Quantum computers represent a radical technological advancement in the way information is processed by using the principles of quantum mechanics to solve very complex problems that exceed the capabilities of classical systems. However, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-28 Marcos Guillermo Lammers , Federico Hernán Holik , Alejandro Fernández

Faster algorithms, novel cryptographic mechanisms, and alternative methods of communication become possible when the model underlying information and computation changes from a classical mechanical model to a quantum mechanical one. Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-12-29 Eleanor G. Rieffel

Quantum computing is advancing rapidly, yet substantial gaps separate today's noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices from tomorrow's fault-tolerant application-scale quantum (FASQ) machines. We identify four related hurdles along…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-22 Jens Eisert , John Preskill

Simulating the dynamics of many-body quantum systems is believed to be one of the first fields that quantum computers can show a quantum advantage over classical computers. Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) algorithms aim at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-19 Jonathan Wei Zhong Lau , Tobias Haug , Leong Chuan Kwek , Kishor Bharti

The intersection of quantum computing and quantum chemistry represents a promising frontier for achieving quantum utility in domains of both scientific and societal relevance. Owing to the exponential growth of classical resource…

Quantum computing is a game-changing technology for global academia, research centers and industries including computational science, mathematics, finance, pharmaceutical, materials science, chemistry and cryptography. Although it has seen…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-07 He-Liang Huang , Xiao-Yue Xu , Chu Guo , Guojing Tian , Shi-Jie Wei , Xiaoming Sun , Wan-Su Bao , Gui-Lu Long

Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms are central to much of the current research in quantum computing, particularly when considering the noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) era, with a number of experimental demonstrations having already…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-07-15 Adam Callison , Nicholas Chancellor

By leveraging quantum-mechanical properties like superposition, entanglement, and interference, quantum computing (QC) offers promising solutions for problems that classical computing has not been able to solve efficiently, such as drug…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Hyeok Kim , Mingyoung J. Jeng , Kaitlin N. Smith

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) represents a promising frontier at the intersection of quantum computing and artificial intelligence, aiming to leverage quantum computational advantages to enhance data-driven tasks. This review explores the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Samarth Kashyap , Rohit K Ramakrishnan , Kumari Jyoti , Apoorva D Patel

Quantum machine learning has proven to be a fruitful area in which to search for potential applications of quantum computers. This is particularly true for those available in the near term, so called noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-05-20 Brian Coyle

Quantum computing (QC) is anticipated to provide a speedup over classical HPC approaches for specific problems in optimization, simulation, and machine learning. With the advances in quantum computing toward practical applications, the need…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Jernej Rudi Finžgar , Philipp Ross , Leonhard Hölscher , Johannes Klepsch , Andre Luckow

Quantum machine learning (QML) has emerged as an important area for Quantum applications, although useful QML applications would require many qubits. Therefore our paper is aimed at exploring the successful application of the Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-15 Jae-Eun Park , Brian Quanz , Steve Wood , Heather Higgins , Ray Harishankar

Quantum computing has the potential to provide exponential performance benefits in processing over classical computing. It utilizes quantum mechanics phenomena (such as superposition, entanglement, and interference) to solve a computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-08 Himanshu Sahu , Hari Prabhat Gupta

Recent advancements in quantum computing are leading to an era of practical utility, enabling the tackling of increasingly complex problems. The goal of this era is to leverage quantum computing to solve real-world problems in fields such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-07 Eneko Osaba , Esther Villar-Rodriguez , Izaskun Oregi

Advancements in classical computing have significantly enhanced machine learning applications, yet inherent limitations persist in terms of energy, resource and speed. Quantum machine learning algorithms offer a promising avenue to overcome…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Tarun Dutta , Alex Jin , Clarence Liu Huihong , J I Latorre , Manas Mukherjee

The emergence of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) computers has important consequences for cryptographic algorithms. It is theoretically well-established that key algorithms used in cybersecurity are vulnerable to quantum computers…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Sahay Harshvardhan , Sanil Jain , James E. McClure , Caleb McIrvin , Ngoc Quy Tran

Quantum computers offer a new paradigm of computing with the potential to vastly outperform any imagineable classical computer. This has caused a gold rush towards new quantum algorithms and hardware. In light of the growing expectations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 Torsten Hoefler , Thomas Haener , Matthias Troyer

Superconducting qubits are leading candidates in the race to build a quantum computer capable of realizing computations beyond the reach of modern supercomputers. The superconducting qubit modality has been used to demonstrate prototype…