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Although current prompt learning methods have successfully been designed to effectively reuse the large pre-trained models without fine-tuning their large number of parameters, they still have limitations to be addressed, i.e., without…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-05 Zongqian Wu , Yujing Liu , Mengmeng Zhan , Jialie Shen , Ping Hu , Xiaofeng Zhu

Continual learning endeavors to equip the model with the capability to integrate current task knowledge while mitigating the forgetting of past task knowledge. Inspired by prompt tuning, prompt-based methods maintain a frozen backbone and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Yukun Zuo , Hantao Yao , Lu Yu , Liansheng Zhuang , Changsheng Xu

Prompt learning is a new paradigm in the Natural Language Processing (NLP) field which has shown impressive performance on a number of natural language tasks with common benchmarking text datasets in full, few-shot, and zero-shot…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-12 Niall Taylor , Yi Zhang , Dan Joyce , Alejo Nevado-Holgado , Andrey Kormilitzin

Multimodal Continual Instruction Tuning (MCIT) enables Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to meet continuously emerging requirements without expensive retraining. MCIT faces two major obstacles: catastrophic forgetting (where old…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Junhao Zheng , Qianli Ma , Zhen Liu , Binquan Wu , Huawen Feng

Prompt-Tuning is a new paradigm for finetuning pre-trained language models in a parameter-efficient way. Here, we explore the use of HyperNetworks to generate hyper-prompts: we propose HyperPrompt, a novel architecture for prompt-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-16 Yun He , Huaixiu Steven Zheng , Yi Tay , Jai Gupta , Yu Du , Vamsi Aribandi , Zhe Zhao , YaGuang Li , Zhao Chen , Donald Metzler , Heng-Tze Cheng , Ed H. Chi

Large-scale "pre-train and prompt learning" paradigms have demonstrated remarkable adaptability, enabling broad applications across diverse domains such as question answering, image recognition, and multimodal retrieval. This approach fully…

Transformers with linear recurrent modeling offer linear-time training and constant-memory inference. Despite their demonstrated efficiency and performance, pretraining such non-standard architectures from scratch remains costly and risky.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Disen Lan , Weigao Sun , Jiaxi Hu , Jusen Du , Yu Cheng

While Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) internalize a great amount of world knowledge, they have been shown incapable of recalling these knowledge to solve tasks requiring complex & multi-step reasoning. Similar to how humans develop a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Boshi Wang , Xiang Deng , Huan Sun

Deploying medical AI across resource-constrained institutions demands data-efficient learning pipelines that respect patient privacy. Federated Learning (FL) enables collaborative medical AI without centralising data, yet real-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Adea Nesturi , David Dueñas Gaviria , Jiajun Zeng , Shadi Albarqouni

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture in large language models, highlighting its ability to significantly enhance model performance while maintaining minimal computational overhead. Through…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Danyang Zhang , Junhao Song , Ziqian Bi , Xinyuan Song , Yingfang Yuan , Tianyang Wang , Joe Yeong , Junfeng Hao

Memory is fundamental to intelligence, enabling learning, reasoning, and adaptability across biological and artificial systems. While Transformer architectures excel at sequence modeling, they face critical limitations in long-range context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Parsa Omidi , Xingshuai Huang , Axel Laborieux , Bahareh Nikpour , Tianyu Shi , Armaghan Eshaghi

The vision community is undergoing the unprecedented progress with the emergence of Vision-Language Pretraining Models (VLMs). Prompt learning plays as the holy grail of accessing VLMs since it enables their fast adaptation to downstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ziliang Chen , Xin Huang , Quanlong Guan , Liang Lin , Weiqi Luo

This paper describes our contributions to the Shared Task of the 9th Workshop on Argument Mining (2022). Our approach uses Large Language Models for the task of Argument Quality Prediction. We perform prompt engineering using GPT-3, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Michiel van der Meer , Myrthe Reuver , Urja Khurana , Lea Krause , Selene Báez Santamaría

Catastrophic forgetting of previously learned knowledge while learning new tasks is a widely observed limitation of contemporary neural networks. Although many continual learning methods are proposed to mitigate this drawback, the main…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Wojciech Masarczyk , Kamil Deja , Tomasz Trzciński

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various NLP tasks. However, traditional fine-tuning methods for leveraging PLMs for downstream tasks entail significant computational overhead. Prompt-tuning has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ali Shakeri , Wei Emma Zhang , Amin Beheshti , Weitong Chen , Jian Yang , Lishan Yang

Visual Prompt Tuning (VPT) techniques have gained prominence for their capacity to adapt pre-trained Vision Transformers (ViTs) to downstream visual tasks using specialized learnable tokens termed as prompts. Contemporary VPT methodologies,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-28 Shentong Mo , Yansen Wang , Xufang Luo , Dongsheng Li

Continual Learning aims to learn a single model on a sequence of tasks without having access to data from previous tasks. The biggest challenge in the domain still remains catastrophic forgetting: a loss in performance on seen classes of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-31 Muhammad Gul Zain Ali Khan , Muhammad Ferjad Naeem , Luc Van Gool , Didier Stricker , Federico Tombari , Muhammad Zeshan Afzal

Transformers with linear attention allow for efficient parallel training but can simultaneously be formulated as an RNN with 2D (matrix-valued) hidden states, thus enjoying linear-time inference complexity. However, linear attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Songlin Yang , Bailin Wang , Yikang Shen , Rameswar Panda , Yoon Kim

Large language models (LLMs) benefit greatly from prompt engineering, with in-context learning standing as a pivital technique. While former approaches have provided various ways to construct the demonstrations used for in-context learning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Yiming Tang , Bin Dong

Prompt learning has attracted increasing attention in the graph domain as a means to bridge the gap between pretext and downstream tasks. Existing studies on heterogeneous graph prompting typically use feature prompts to modify node…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Feiyang Wang , Zhongbao Zhang , Junda Ye , Li Sun , Jianzhong Qi