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We present a distilled multi-time-step (DMTS) strategy to accelerate molecular dynamics simulations using foundation neural network models. DMTS uses a dual-level neural network where the target accurate potential is coupled to a simpler…

Retrosynthesis is the process of recursively decomposing target molecules into available building blocks. It plays an important role in solving problems in organic synthesis planning. To automate or assist in the retrosynthesis analysis,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2020-11-06 Chaochao Yan , Qianggang Ding , Peilin Zhao , Shuangjia Zheng , Jinyu Yang , Yang Yu , Junzhou Huang

A fundamental problem in organic chemistry is identifying and predicting the series of reactions that synthesize a desired target product molecule. Due to the combinatorial nature of the chemical search space, single-step reactant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Robin Yadav , Qi Yan , Guy Wolf , Avishek Joey Bose , Renjie Liao

Recent approaches have shown promises distilling diffusion models into efficient one-step generators. Among them, Distribution Matching Distillation (DMD) produces one-step generators that match their teacher in distribution, without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Tianwei Yin , Michaël Gharbi , Taesung Park , Richard Zhang , Eli Shechtman , Fredo Durand , William T. Freeman

Modern computer-assisted synthesis planning (CASP) systems show promises at generating chemically valid reaction steps but struggle to incorporate strategic considerations such as convergent assembly, protecting group minimization, and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Daniel Armstrong , Zlatko Jončev , Andres M Bran , Philippe Schwaller

Molecule synthesis through machine learning is one of the fundamental problems in drug discovery. Current data-driven strategies employ one-step retrosynthesis models and search algorithms to predict synthetic routes in a top-bottom manner.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Songtao Liu , Hanjun Dai , Yue Zhao , Peng Liu

Retrosynthesis planning, essential in organic synthesis and drug discovery, has greatly benefited from recent AI-driven advancements. Nevertheless, existing methods frequently face limitations in both applicability and explainability.…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Situo Zhang , Hanqi Li , Lu Chen , Zihan Zhao , Xuanze Lin , Zichen Zhu , Bo Chen , Xin Chen , Kai Yu

Computer-aided synthesis planning (CASP) has made significant strides in generating retrosynthetic pathways for simple molecules in a non-constrained fashion. Recent work introduces a specialised bidirectional search algorithm with forward…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Daniel Armstrong , Zlatko Joncev , Jeff Guo , Philippe Schwaller

Selecting efficient multi-step synthetic routes is a central challenge in organic synthesis, particularly in medicinal and process chemistry, where route choice directly impacts feasibility, cost, and development efficiency. Data-driven…

Retrosynthesis is a procedure where a target molecule is transformed into potential reactants and thus the synthesis routes can be identified. Recently, computational approaches have been developed to accelerate the design of synthesis…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Ziqi Chen , Oluwatosin R. Ayinde , James R. Fuchs , Huan Sun , Xia Ning

Retrosynthesis prediction focuses on identifying reactants capable of synthesizing a target product. Typically, the retrosynthesis prediction involves two phases: Reaction Center Identification and Reactant Generation. However, we argue…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Shengyin Sun , Wenhao Yu , Yuxiang Ren , Weitao Du , Liwei Liu , Xuecang Zhang , Ying Hu , Chen Ma

Identifying reliable synthesis pathways in materials chemistry is a complex task, particularly in polymer science, due to the intricate and often non-unique nomenclature of macromolecules. To address this challenge, we propose an agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Qinyu Ma , Yuhao Zhou , Jianfeng Li

Retrosynthesis planning aims to decompose target molecules into available building blocks, forming a synthetic tree where each internal node represents an intermediate compound and each leaf ideally corresponds to a purchasable reactant.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Mianchu Wang , Giovanni Montana

AI-based computer-aided synthesis planning (CASP) systems are in demand as components of AI-driven drug discovery workflows. However, the high latency of such CASP systems limits their utility for high-throughput synthesizability screening…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Mikhail Andronov , Natalia Andronova , Michael Wand , Jürgen Schmidhuber , Djork-Arné Clevert

Flow-matching models have enabled high-quality text-to-speech synthesis, but their iterative sampling process during inference incurs substantial computational cost. Although distillation is widely used to reduce the number of inference…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Bin Lin , Peng Yang , Chao Yan , Xiaochen Liu , Wei Wang , Boyong Wu , Pengfei Tan , Xuerui Yang

Accurate forecasts of macroeconomic and financial data, such as GDP, CPI, unemployment rates, and stock indices, are crucial for the success of countries, businesses, and investors, resulting in a constant demand for reliable forecasting…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-27 Tomasz M. Łapiński , Krzysztof Ziółkowski

In this paper, we present the Directly Denoising Diffusion Model (DDDM): a simple and generic approach for generating realistic images with few-step sampling, while multistep sampling is still preserved for better performance. DDDMs require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Dan Zhang , Jingjing Wang , Feng Luo

We introduce $\texttt{PairFlow}$, a lightweight preprocessing step for training Discrete Flow Models (DFMs) to achieve few-step sampling without requiring a pretrained teacher. DFMs have recently emerged as a new class of generative models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Mingue Park , Jisung Hwang , Seungwoo Yoo , Kyeongmin Yeo , Minhyuk Sung

Molecular retrosynthesis is a significant and complex problem in the field of chemistry, however, traditional manual synthesis methods not only need well-trained experts but also are time-consuming. With the development of big data and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Yan Zhang , Hao Hao , Xiao He , Shuanhu Gao , Aimin Zhou

Planning allows an agent to safely refine its actions before executing them in the real world. In autonomous driving, this is crucial to avoid collisions and navigate in complex, dense traffic scenarios. One way to plan is to search for the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Asen Nachkov , Jan-Nico Zaech , Danda Pani Paudel , Xi Wang , Luc Van Gool