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With the fast and unstoppable evolution of robotics and artificial intelligence, effective autonomous navigation in real-world scenarios has become one of the most pressing challenges in the literature. However, demanding requirements, such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-07-11 A. Novo , F. Lobon , H. G. De Marina , S. Romero , F. Barranco

Flapping-wing robots offer significant versatility; however, achieving efficient multi-modal locomotion remains challenging. This paper presents the design, modeling, and experimentation of a novel tailless flapping-wing robot with three…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Zhi Zheng , Xiangyu Xu , Jin Wang , Yikai Chen , Jingyang Huang , Ruixin Wu , Huan Yu , Guodong Lu

Wheel-legged robots integrate leg agility on rough terrain with wheel efficiency on flat ground. However, most existing designs do not fully capitalize on the benefits of both legged and wheeled structures, which limits overall system…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zhicheng Song , Jinglan Xu , Chunxin Zheng , Yulin Li , Zhihai Bi , Jun Ma

Loco-manipulation of quadrupedal robots has broadened robotic applications, but using legs as manipulators often compromises locomotion, while mounting arms complicates the system. To mitigate this issue, we introduce bipedalism for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yuyou Zhang , Radu Corcodel , Ding Zhao

Physical embodiment is a required component for robots that are structurally coupled with their real-world environments. However, most socially interactive robots do not need to physically interact with their environments in order to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Eric Deng , Bilge Mutlu , Maja Mataric

Multimodal locomotion capability is an emerging topic in robotics field, and various novel mobile robots have been developed to enable the maneuvering in both terrestrial and aerial domains. Among these hybrid robots, several…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-11 Moju Zhao , Tomoki Anzai , Takuzumi Nishio

In nature, legged animals have developed the ability to adapt to challenging terrains through perception, allowing them to plan safe body and foot trajectories in advance, which leads to safe and energy-efficient locomotion. Inspired by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-12 Haojie Shi , Qingxu Zhu , Lei Han , Wanchao Chi , Tingguang Li , Max Q. -H. Meng

Multi-legged robots offer enhanced stability in complex terrains, yet autonomously learning natural and robust motions in such environments remains challenging. Drawing inspiration from animals' progressive learning patterns, from simple to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Yinghui Li , Jinze Wu , Xin Liu , Weizhong Guo , Yufei Xue

Quadrupedal robots have played a crucial role in various environments, from structured environments to complex harsh terrains, thanks to their agile locomotion ability. However, these robots can easily lose their locomotion functionality if…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Mincheol Kim , Ukcheol Shin , Jung-Yup Kim

Bio-hybrid systems---close couplings of natural organisms with technology---are high potential and still underexplored. In existing work, robots have mostly influenced group behaviors of animals. We explore the possibilities of mixing…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-04-20 Mostafa Wahby , Mary Katherine Heinrich , Daniel Nicolas Hofstadler , Payam Zahadat , Sebastian Risi , Phil Ayres , Thomas Schmickl , Heiko Hamann

Snakes can traverse almost all types of environments by bending their elongate bodies in 3-D to interact with the terrain. Similarly, a snake robot is a promising platform to perform critical tasks in various environments. Understanding how…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-02-23 Qiyuan Fu

Many marine creatures, gastropods, and earthworms generate continuous traveling waves in their bodies for locomotion within marine environments, complex surfaces, and inside narrow gaps. In this work, we study theoretically and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-08-18 Lior Salem , Amir D. Gat , Yizhar Or

Exploring and traversing extreme terrain with surface robots is difficult, but highly desirable for many applications, including exploration of planetary surfaces, search and rescue, among others. For these applications, to ensure the robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-04-03 Frances Zhu , D. Sawyer Elliott , ZhiDi Yang , Haoyuan Zheng

Soft machines typically exhibit slow locomotion speed and low manipulation strength because of intrinsic limitations of soft materials. Here, we present a generic design principle that harnesses mechanical instability for a variety of…

Quadruped robots demonstrate exceptional potential for navigating complex terrain in critical applications such as search and rescue missions and infrastructure inspection However autonomous traversal of confined 3D environments including…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Amir Hossain Raj , Dibyendu Das , Xuesu Xiao

Effective locomotion in nature happens by transitioning across multiple modes (e.g., walk, run, climb). Despite this, far more mechanistic understanding of terrestrial locomotion has been on how to generate and stabilize around…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-09-22 Ratan Othayoth , George Thoms , Chen Li

While bio-inspired and biomimetic systems draw inspiration from living materials, biohybrid systems incorporate them with synthetic devices, allowing the exploitation of both organic and artificial advantages inside a single entity. In the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-11-22 Huu Duoc Nguyen , Van Than Dung , Hirotaka Sato , T. Thang Vo-Doan

Robots are traditionally bounded by a fixed embodiment during their operational lifetime, which limits their ability to adapt to their surroundings. Co-optimizing control and morphology of a robot, however, is often inefficient due to the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Chen Yu , Weinan Zhang , Hang Lai , Zheng Tian , Laurent Kneip , Jun Wang

For robots to handle the numerous factors that can affect them in the real world, they must adapt to changes and unexpected events. Evolutionary robotics tries to solve some of these issues by automatically optimizing a robot for a specific…

Robotics · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Tønnes F. Nygaard , Charles P. Martin , Eivind Samuelsen , Jim Torresen , Kyrre Glette

Legged robots have enormous potential in their range of capabilities, from navigating unstructured terrains to high-speed running. However, designing robust controllers for highly agile dynamic motions remains a substantial challenge for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Laura Smith , J. Chase Kew , Tianyu Li , Linda Luu , Xue Bin Peng , Sehoon Ha , Jie Tan , Sergey Levine