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Effective theory arguments are used to derive the most general energy-momentum tensor of a relativistic viscous fluid with an arbitrary equation of state (in the absence of other conserved currents) that is first-order in the derivatives of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-22 Fábio S. Bemfica , Marcelo M. Disconzi , Jorge Noronha

A new approach is described to help improve the foundations of relativistic viscous fluid dynamics and its coupling to general relativity. Focusing on neutral conformal fluids constructed solely in terms of hydrodynamic variables, we derive…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-12-05 Fabio S. Bemfica , Marcelo M. Disconzi , Jorge Noronha

Let X be a smooth manifold of dimension 1+n endowed with a lorentzian metric g, and let T be the electromagnetic energy tensor associated to a 2-form F. In this paper we characterize this tensor T as the only 2-covariant natural tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-23 J. Navarro , J. B. Sancho

The canonical energy-momentum tensor is often considered as a purely academic object because of its gauge dependence. However, it has recently been realized that canonical quantities can in fact be defined in a gauge-invariant way provided…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2016-04-20 Cédric Lorcé

We reexamine the energy-momentum tensor in classical electrodynamics from the perspective of spacetime-dependent translations, i.e., diffeomorphism invariance in flat spacetime. When energy-momentum is identified through local translations…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-01-26 Taeseung Choi

We review the energy concept in the case of a continuum or a system of fields. First, we analyze the emergence of a true local conservation equation for the energy of a continuous medium, taking the example of an isentropic continuum in…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-13 Mayeul Arminjon

We clarify the relation between canonical and metric energy-momentum tensors. In particular, we show that a natural definition arises from Noether's Theorem which directly leads to a symmetric and gauge invariant tensor for electromagnetic…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2008-11-26 Ricardo E. Gamboa Saraví

The requirements of conformal invariance for the two point function of the energy momentum tensor in the neighbourhood of a plane boundary are investigated, restricting the conformal group to those transformations leaving the boundary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2009-10-22 D. M. McAvity , H. Osborn

This brief paper investigates the consequences for the metric tensor of space-time when the Weyl tensor (in its conformally invariant form) and the energy-momentum tensor is specified. It is shown that, unless rather special conditions…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-11 G. S. Hall , M. Sharif

Considering the growing interest of the astrophysicist community in the study of dissipative fluids with the aim of getting a more realistic description of the universe, we present in this paper a physical analysis of the energy-momentum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-15 Oscar M. Pimentel , Guillermo A. González , F. D. Lora-Clavijo

We investigate the second-order gravitational scalar perturbations for a barotropic fluid. We derive the effective energy-momentum tensor described by the quadratic terms of the gravitational and the matter perturbations. We show that the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-09-09 Inyong Cho , Jinn-Ouk Gong , Seung Hun Oh

Detailed study of the energy and momentum carried by the electromagnetic field can be a source of clues to possible new physics underlying the Maxwell Equations. But such study has been impeded by expressions for the parameters of the…

General Physics · Physics 2021-05-11 Oliver Davis Johns

On the basis of a non-local Lagrangian for Maxwell equations in a dispersive medium, the energy-momentum tensor of the field is derived. We obtain the Field equations through variational methods and an extension of Noether theorem for a…

Classical Physics · Physics 2021-05-12 Carlos Heredia , Josep Llosa

We clarify the relation among canonical, metric and Belinfante's energy-momentum tensors for general tensor field theories. For any tensor field T, we define a new tensor field $\til {\bm T}$, in terms of which the Belinfante tensor is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2016-08-16 Ricardo E. Gamboa Saraví

There are various formulations of energy--momentum tensors for an electromagnetic field in a linear dielectric. The total energy--momentum tensor, comprised of electromagnetic and material components, must be unique. We discuss the…

Optics · Physics 2017-11-07 Michael E. Crenshaw

The form of the phenomenological stress-energy-momentum tensor for the electromagnetic field in a class of inhomogeneous, anisotropic magneto-electric media is calculated from first principles, leading to a coherent understanding of the…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 T. Dereli , J. Gratus , R. W. Tucker

In this paper, the relativistic fluids with the negligible magnetic field in the flat metric are studied. The iso-dimension scale in introduced, in this scale, all similar components of a variable have the same dimension. Also, the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-10-07 Mahboobe Moeen Moghaddas

The energy-momentum tensor of Matrix Theory is derived by computing disk amplitudes with one closed string and an arbitrary number of open strings and by taking the DKPS limit. We clarify its relation to the energy-momentum tensor of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Yuji Okawa , Hirosi Ooguri

The causality and stability of a relativistic hydrodynamic theory is shown to require a consensus between, either (i) newer degrees of freedom apart from the fundamental fluid fields, or (ii) a general hydrodynamic frame other than the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-08-25 Sukanya Mitra

This is the first of three papers on the short-distance properties of the energy-momentum tensor in field theory. We study the energy-momentum tensor for renormalized field theory in curved space. We postulate an exact Ward identity of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 Hidenori Sonoda
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