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Generating large-scale samples of stationary random fields is of great importance in the fields such as geomaterial modeling and uncertainty quantification. Traditional methodologies based on covariance matrix decomposition have the…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-23 Bin Zhu , Jiahao Liu , Zhengshou Lai , Tao Qian

Gaussian processes (GPs) are important probabilistic tools for inference and learning in spatio-temporal modelling problems such as those in climate science and epidemiology. However, existing GP approximations do not simultaneously support…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-21 Will Tebbutt , Arno Solin , Richard E. Turner

The stochastic partial differential equation approach to Gaussian processes (GPs) represents Mat\'ern GP priors in terms of $n$ finite element basis functions and Gaussian coefficients with sparse precision matrix. Such representations…

Computation · Statistics 2022-04-11 Daniel Sanz-Alonso , Ruiyi Yang

Gaussian processes (GPs) provide a probabilistic nonparametric representation of functions in regression, classification, and other problems. Unfortunately, exact learning with GPs is intractable for large datasets. A variety of approximate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2010-02-23 Yuan Qi , Ahmed H. Abdel-Gawad , Thomas P. Minka

Some scenarios require the computation of a predictive distribution of a new value evaluated on an objective function conditioned on previous observations. We are interested on using a model that makes valid assumptions on the objective…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Lucia Asencio-Martín , Eduardo C. Garrido-Merchán

Many modern spatial models express the stochastic variation component as a basis expansion with random coefficients. Low rank models, approximate spectral decompositions, multiresolution representations, stochastic partial differential…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-02-20 Mitchell Krock , William Kleiber , Stephen Becker

Fitting Gaussian Processes (GPs) provides interpretable aleatoric uncertainty quantification for estimation of spatio-temporal fields. Spatio-temporal deep learning models, while scalable, typically assume a simplistic independent…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-10-27 Brandon R. Feng , David Keetae Park , Xihaier Luo , Arantxa Urdangarin , Shinjae Yoo , Brian J. Reich

Spatial fields in the Earth and environmental sciences are often available at multiple scales or resolutions. While coarse-scale data (e.g., from global circulation models) are often abundant, they lack the local detail provided by…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-04-01 Alejandro Calle-Saldarriaga , Paul F. V. Wiemann , Matthias Katzfuss

Automated sensing instruments on satellites and aircraft have enabled the collection of massive amounts of high-resolution observations of spatial fields over large spatial regions. If these datasets can be efficiently exploited, they can…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-12-08 Matthias Katzfuss

We propose a new approach for the modeling large datasets of nonstationary spatial processes that combines a latent low rank process and a sparse covariance model. The low rank component coefficients are endowed with a flexible graphical…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-08 Matthew LeDuc , William Kleiber , Tomoko Matsuo

The spatial random-effects model is flexible in modeling spatial covariance functions, and is computationally efficient for spatial prediction via fixed rank kriging. However, the success of this model depends on an appropriate set of basis…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-04-23 ShengLi Tzeng , Hsin-Cheng Huang

The increasing availability of network data has driven the development of advanced statistical models specifically designed for metric graphs, where Gaussian processes play a pivotal role. While models such as Whittle-Mat\'ern fields have…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-18 David Bolin , Lenin Riera-Segura , Alexandre B. Simas

Gaussian Process (GP) models are often used as mathematical approximations of computationally expensive experiments. Provided that its kernel is suitably chosen and that enough data is available to obtain a reasonable fit of the simulator,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2011-03-22 Nicolas Durrande , David Ginsbourger , Olivier Roustant

Gaussian random fields (GRF) are a fundamental stochastic model for spatiotemporal data analysis. An essential ingredient of GRF is the covariance function that characterizes the joint Gaussian distribution of the field. Commonly used…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-11-10 Jie Chen , Michael L. Stein

Data in many applications follows systems of Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs). This paper presents a novel algorithmic and symbolic construction for covariance functions of Gaussian Processes (GPs) with realizations strictly following…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-29 Andreas Besginow , Markus Lange-Hegermann

We introduce computational methods that allow for effective estimation of a flexible, parametric non-stationary spatial model when the field size is too large to compute the multivariate normal likelihood directly. In this method, the field…

Computation · Statistics 2018-09-20 Amanda Muyskens , Joseph Guinness , Montserrat Fuentes

Although machine learning is increasingly applied in control approaches, only few methods guarantee certifiable safety, which is necessary for real world applications. These approaches typically rely on well-understood learning algorithms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Armin Lederer , Markus Kessler , Sandra Hirche

Gaussian processes (GPs) are widely used in non-parametric Bayesian modeling, and play an important role in various statistical and machine learning applications. In a variety tasks of uncertainty quantification, generating random sample…

Computation · Statistics 2024-08-02 Haoyuan Chen , Rui Tuo

The vast quantity of information brought by big data as well as the evolving computer hardware encourages success stories in the machine learning community. In the meanwhile, it poses challenges for the Gaussian process (GP) regression, a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-04-10 Haitao Liu , Yew-Soon Ong , Xiaobo Shen , Jianfei Cai

Gaussian processes (GPs) play an essential role in biostatistics, scientific machine learning, and Bayesian optimization for their ability to provide probabilistic predictions and model uncertainty. However, GP inference struggles to scale…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Pratik Rathore , Zachary Frangella , Sachin Garg , Shaghayegh Fazliani , Michał Dereziński , Madeleine Udell