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In this work, we develop a numerical method to study the error estimates of the $\alpha$-stable central limit theorem under sublinear expectation with $\alpha \in(0,2)$, whose limit distribution can be characterized by a fully nonlinear…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-09 Lianzi Jiang

We propose an abstract framework for analyzing the convergence of least-squares methods based on residual minimization when feasible solutions are neural networks. With the norm relations and compactness arguments, we derive error estimates…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-04 Yeonjong Shin , Zhongqiang Zhang , George Em Karniadakis

In recent years, physical informed neural networks (PINNs) have been shown to be a powerful tool for solving PDEs empirically. However, numerical analysis of PINNs is still missing. In this paper, we prove the convergence rate to PINNs for…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2022-04-13 Yuling Jiao , Yanming Lai , Dingwei Li , Xiliang Lu , Fengru Wang , Yang Wang , Jerry Zhijian Yang

This work establishes rigorous first-of-its-kind upper bounds on the generalization error for the method of approximating solutions to the (d+1)-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations by training depth-2 neural networks trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Sebastien Andre-Sloan , Dibyakanti Kumar , Alejandro F Frangi , Anirbit Mukherjee

In this paper, we develop a wavelet-based theoretical framework for analyzing the universal approximation capabilities of neural networks over a wide range of activation functions. Leveraging wavelet frame theory on the spaces of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Youngmi Hur , Hyojae Lim , Mikyoung Lim

We prove a theorem concerning the approximation of multivariate functions by deep ReLU networks. We present new error estimates for which the curse of the dimensionality is lessened by establishing a connection with sparse grids.

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2018-08-15 Hadrien Montanelli , Qiang Du

Deep neural networks are powerful tools for solving nonlinear problems in science and engineering, but training highly accurate models becomes challenging as problem complexity increases. Non-convex optimization and sensitivity to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Ethan Mulle , Wei Kang , Qi Gong

We study inverse problems consisting on determining medium properties using the responses to probing waves from the machine learning point of view. Based on the understanding of propagation of waves and their nonlinear interactions, we…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2018-11-12 Gunther Uhlmann , Yiran Wang

In this article we shall go over recent work in proving dispersive and Strichartz estimates for the Dirichlet-wave equation. We shall discuss applications to existence questions outside of obstacles and discuss open problems.

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Christopher D. Sogge

We derive rigorously from the water waves equations new irrotational shallow water models for the propagation of surface waves in the case of uneven topography in horizontal dimensions one and two. The systems are made to capture the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2023-11-17 Louis Emerald , Martin Oen Paulsen

We present a theoretically well-founded deep learning algorithm for nonparametric regression. It uses over-parametrized deep neural networks with logistic activation function, which are fitted to the given data via gradient descent. We…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-04-14 Michael Kohler , Adam Krzyzak

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have significantly advanced machine learning, with model depth playing a central role in their successes. The dynamical system modeling approach has recently emerged as a powerful framework, offering new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Jinshu Huang , Mingfei Sun , Chunlin Wu

We develop a new class of distance-aware error bounds that tightly characterize the approximation error of spline neural networks. Our bottom-up approach analyzes the error bound of each neuron (a spline) and then extends it to the full…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Masoud Ataei , Mohammad Javad Khojasteh , Vikas Dhiman

Coherent lower previsions are general probabilistic models allowing incompletely specified probability distributions. However, for complete description of a coherent lower prevision -- even on finite underlying sample spaces -- an infinite…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-09-29 Damjan Škulj

DNNs have been quickly and broadly exploited to improve the data analysis quality in many complex science and engineering applications. Today's DNNs are becoming deeper and wider because of increasing demand on the analysis quality and more…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-24 Sian Jin , Sheng Di , Xin Liang , Jiannan Tian , Dingwen Tao , Franck Cappello

Analysing statistical properties of neural networks is a central topic in statistics and machine learning. However, most results in the literature focus on the properties of the neural network minimizing the training error. The goal of this…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-02-04 Laura Tinsi , Arnak S. Dalalyan

This paper studies the infinite-width limit of deep linear neural networks initialized with random parameters. We obtain that, when the number of neurons diverges, the training dynamics converge (in a precise sense) to the dynamics obtained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Lénaïc Chizat , Maria Colombo , Xavier Fernández-Real , Alessio Figalli

We consider the approximation of a class of dynamic partial differential equations (PDE) of second order in time by the physics-informed neural network (PINN) approach, and provide an error analysis of PINN for the wave equation, the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-03-23 Yanxia Qian , Yongchao Zhang , Yunqing Huang , Suchuan Dong

Identifying parameters in partial differential equations (PDEs) represents a very broad class of applied inverse problems. In recent years, several unsupervised learning approaches using (deep) neural networks have been developed to solve…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-22 Siyu Cen , Bangti Jin , Qimeng Quan , Zhi Zhou

Deep neural networks have achieved tremendous success due to their representation power and adaptation to low-dimensional structures. Their potential for estimating structured regression functions has been recently established in the…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-02-14 Sohom Bhattacharya , Jianqing Fan , Debarghya Mukherjee
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