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Neural network language models (NNLMs) have achieved ever-improving accuracy due to more sophisticated architectures and increasing amounts of training data. However, the inductive bias of these models (formed by the distributional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-12 David Demeter , Doug Downey

Multilingual large language models (LLMs) seem to generalize somewhat across languages. We hypothesize this is a result of implicit vector space alignment. Evaluating such alignment, we see that larger models exhibit very high-quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Qiwei Peng , Anders Søgaard

Semantic Similarity is an important application which finds its use in many downstream NLP applications. Though the task is mathematically defined, semantic similarity's essence is to capture the notions of similarity impregnated in humans.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-18 Ameet Deshpande , Vedant Somani

The notions of concreteness and imageability, traditionally important in psycholinguistics, are gaining significance in semantic-oriented natural language processing tasks. In this paper we investigate the predictability of these two…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-15 Nikola Ljubešić , Darja Fišer , Anita Peti-Stantić

Recently, prompt-based learning has gained popularity across many natural language processing (NLP) tasks by reformulating them into a cloze-style format to better align pre-trained language models (PLMs) with downstream tasks. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Wenjie Zhang , Xiaoning Song , Zhenhua Feng , Tianyang Xu , Xiaojun Wu

In the recent advances of natural language processing, the scale of the state-of-the-art models and datasets is usually extensive, which challenges the application of sample-based explanation methods in many aspects, such as explanation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-10 Wei Zhang , Ziming Huang , Yada Zhu , Guangnan Ye , Xiaodong Cui , Fan Zhang

We propose an alternate approach to quantifying how well language models learn natural language: we ask how well they match the statistical tendencies of natural language. To answer this question, we analyze whether text generated from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Clara Meister , Ryan Cotterell

Vision-language models (VLMs) transform environment percepts into vision-language semantics interpretable by LLMs. However, completing complex tasks often requires reasoning about information beyond what is currently perceived. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Robin Karlsson , Francisco Lepe-Salazar , Kazuya Takeda

Cross-lingual Natural Language Processing (NLP) has gained significant traction in recent years, offering practical solutions in low-resource settings by transferring linguistic knowledge from resource-rich to low-resource languages. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Rocco Tripodi , Xiaoyu Liu

Natural Language Inference (NLI) or Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) is the task of predicting the entailment relation between a pair of sentences (premise and hypothesis). This task has been described as a valuable testing ground for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Qingyuan Hu , Yi Zhang , Kanishka Misra , Julia Rayz

An important feature of successful supervised machine learning applications is to be able to explain the predictions given by the regression or classification model being used. However, most state-of-the-art models that have good predictive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-10-14 Victor Coscrato , Marco Henrique de Almeida Inácio , Tiago Botari , Rafael Izbicki

In order for machine learning to garner widespread public adoption, models must be able to provide interpretable and robust explanations for their decisions, as well as learn from human-provided explanations at train time. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-12-07 Oana-Maria Camburu , Tim Rocktäschel , Thomas Lukasiewicz , Phil Blunsom

We propose a new active learning (AL) method for text classification with convolutional neural networks (CNNs). In AL, one selects the instances to be manually labeled with the aim of maximizing model performance with minimal effort. Neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-02 Ye Zhang , Matthew Lease , Byron C. Wallace

Investigating linguistic relationships on a global scale requires analyzing diverse features such as syntax, phonology and prosody, which evolve at varying rates influenced by internal diversification, language contact, and sociolinguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Tuukka Törö , Antti Suni , Juraj Šimko

Supervised models for Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) currently yield to state-of-the-art results in the most popular benchmarks. Despite the recent introduction of Word Embeddings and Recurrent Neural Networks to design powerful…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Stefano Melacci , Achille Globo , Leonardo Rigutini

Different word embedding models capture different aspects of linguistic properties. This inspired us to propose a model (M-MaxLSTM-CNN) for employing multiple sets of word embeddings for evaluating sentence similarity/relation. Representing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-22 Huy Nguyen Tien , Minh Nguyen Le , Yamasaki Tomohiro , Izuha Tatsuya

Semantic role labeling (SRL) is an NLP task involving the assignment of predicate arguments to types, called semantic roles. Though research on SRL has primarily focused on verbal predicates and many resources available for SRL provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Yanpeng Zhao , Ivan Titov

We investigate the task of inserting new concepts extracted from texts into an ontology using language models. We explore an approach with three steps: edge search which is to find a set of candidate locations to insert (i.e., subsumptions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Hang Dong , Jiaoyan Chen , Yuan He , Yongsheng Gao , Ian Horrocks

Nested sampling (NS) is a stochastic method for computing the log-evidence of a Bayesian problem. It relies on stochastic estimates of prior volumes enclosed by likelihood contours, which limits the accuracy of the log-evidence calculation.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Margret Westerkamp , Jakob Roth , Philipp Frank , Will Handley , Torsten Enßlin

Word embedding has become a fundamental component to many NLP tasks such as named entity recognition and machine translation. However, popular models that learn such embeddings are unaware of the morphology of words, so it is not directly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-08-08 Sanghyuk Choi , Taeuk Kim , Jinseok Seol , Sang-goo Lee