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Biased associations have been a challenge in the development of classifiers for detecting toxic language, hindering both fairness and accuracy. As potential solutions, we investigate recently introduced debiasing methods for text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-02 Xuhui Zhou , Maarten Sap , Swabha Swayamdipta , Noah A. Smith , Yejin Choi

Obtaining word timestamp information from end-to-end (E2E) ASR models remains challenging due to the lack of explicit time alignment during training. This issue is further complicated in multilingual models. Existing methods, either rely on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Sunit Sivasankaran , Eric Sun , Jinyu Li , Yan Huang , Jing Pan

Recently Deep Transformer models have proven to be particularly powerful in language modeling tasks for ASR. Their high complexity, however, makes them very difficult to apply in the first (single) pass of an online system. Recent studies…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-05 Balázs Tarján , György Szaszák , Tibor Fegyó , Péter Mihajlik

Recently, end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems have garnered tremendous attention because of their great success and unified modeling paradigms in comparison to conventional hybrid DNN-HMM ASR systems. Despite the…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-19 Tien-Hong Lo , Shi-Yan Weng , Hsiu-Jui Chang , Berlin Chen

In this work, we develop new self-learning techniques with an attention-based sequence-to-sequence (seq2seq) model for automatic speech recognition (ASR). For untranscribed speech data, the hypothesis from an ASR system must be used as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-23 Kenichi Kumatani , Dimitrios Dimitriadis , Yashesh Gaur , Robert Gmyr , Sefik Emre Eskimez , Jinyu Li , Michael Zeng

Chinese Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) error correction presents significant challenges due to the Chinese language's unique features, including a large character set and borderless, morpheme-based structure. Current mainstream models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jiaxin Fan , Yong Zhang , Hanzhang Li , Jianzong Wang , Zhitao Li , Sheng Ouyang , Ning Cheng , Jing Xiao

Thanks to the rise of self-supervised learning, automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems now achieve near-human performance on a wide variety of datasets. However, they still lack generalization capability and are not robust to domain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-15 Lucas Maison , Yannick Estève

This paper studies contextual biasing with Large Language Models (LLMs), where during second-pass rescoring additional contextual information is provided to a LLM to boost Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) performance. We propose to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-25 Chuanneng Sun , Zeeshan Ahmed , Yingyi Ma , Zhe Liu , Lucas Kabela , Yutong Pang , Ozlem Kalinli

Speech applications dealing with conversations require not only recognizing the spoken words, but also determining who spoke when. The task of assigning words to speakers is typically addressed by merging the outputs of two separate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Laurent El Shafey , Hagen Soltau , Izhak Shafran

Direct acoustics-to-word (A2W) systems for end-to-end automatic speech recognition are simpler to train, and more efficient to decode with, than sub-word systems. However, A2W systems can have difficulties at training time when data is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-01 Shane Settle , Kartik Audhkhasi , Karen Livescu , Michael Picheny

End-to-end automatic speech recognition (E2E-ASR) has the potential to improve performance, but a specific issue that needs to be addressed is the difficulty it has in handling enharmonic words: named entities (NEs) with the same…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yui Sudo , Kazuya Hata , Kazuhiro Nakadai

We address the problem of language model customization in applications where the ASR component needs to manage domain-specific terminology; although current state-of-the-art speech recognition technology provides excellent results for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-22 Roberto Gretter , Marco Matassoni , Daniele Falavigna

This paper introduces Dynamic Programming Encoding (DPE), a new segmentation algorithm for tokenizing sentences into subword units. We view the subword segmentation of output sentences as a latent variable that should be marginalized out…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Xuanli He , Gholamreza Haffari , Mohammad Norouzi

Attention-based encoder-decoder architectures such as Listen, Attend, and Spell (LAS), subsume the acoustic, pronunciation and language model components of a traditional automatic speech recognition (ASR) system into a single neural…

Eliminating the negative effect of non-stationary environmental noise is a long-standing research topic for automatic speech recognition that stills remains an important challenge. Data-driven supervised approaches, including ones based on…

Contextual biasing is essential to improving the recognition of rare and domain-specific words in an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system. While numerous methods have been proposed in recent years, most of them focus on offline…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-20 Kai-Chen Tsai , Tien-Hong Lo , Yun-Ting Sun , Berlin Chen

Previous studies have confirmed that by augmenting acoustic features with the place/manner of articulatory features, the speech enhancement (SE) process can be guided to consider the broad phonetic properties of the input speech when…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Yen-Ju Lu , Chia-Yu Chang , Cheng Yu , Ching-Feng Liu , Jeih-weih Hung , Shinji Watanabe , Yu Tsao

End-to-end (E2E) systems have achieved competitive results compared to conventional hybrid hidden Markov model (HMM)-deep neural network based automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems. Such E2E systems are attractive due to the lack of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-14 Kartik Audhkhasi , Andrew Rosenberg , Abhinav Sethy , Bhuvana Ramabhadran , Brian Kingsbury

This paper addresses the problem of automatic speech recognition (ASR) of a target speaker in background speech. The novelty of our approach is that we focus on a wakeup keyword, which is usually used for activating ASR systems like smart…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-11-08 Yusuke Kida , Dung Tran , Motoi Omachi , Toru Taniguchi , Yuya Fujita

Accurate prediction of the user intent to interact with a voice assistant (VA) on a device (e.g. on the phone) is critical for achieving naturalistic, engaging, and privacy-centric interactions with the VA. To this end, we present a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-24 Pranay Dighe , Prateeth Nayak , Oggi Rudovic , Erik Marchi , Xiaochuan Niu , Ahmed Tewfik