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Large Language Models (LLMs) have become increasingly popular for their advanced text generation capabilities across various domains. However, like any software, they face security challenges, including the risk of 'jailbreak' attacks that…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Jie Li , Yi Liu , Chongyang Liu , Ling Shi , Xiaoning Ren , Yaowen Zheng , Yang Liu , Yinxing Xue

Cooperative communication can improve communication quality in wireless communication networks through strategic relay selection. However, wireless cooperative communication networks are vulnerable to the attacks initiated on relays.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-10-04 D. Zheng , S. Hu

Protocols do not work alone, but together, one protocol relying on another to provide needed services. Many of the problems in cryptographic protocols arise when such composition is done incorrectly or is not well understood. In this paper…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-03-02 Sonia Santiago , Santiago Escobar , Catherine Meadows , José Meseguer

The pervasiveness of wireless communication recently gave mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) a significant researchers' attention, due to its innate capabilities of instant communication in many time and mission critical applications. However,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Tomasz Ciszkowski , Zbigniew Kotulski

Jailbreak attacks to Large audio-language models (LALMs) are studied recently, but they exclusively focused on the attack scenario where the adversary can fully manipulate user prompts (named strong adversary) and limited in effectiveness,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Guangke Chen , Fu Song , Zhe Zhao , Xiaojun Jia , Yang Liu , Yanchen Qiao , Weizhe Zhang , Weiping Tu , Yuhong Yang , Bo Du

Secure communication is an integral feature of many Internet services. The widely deployed TLS protects reliable transport protocols. DTLS extends TLS security services to protocols relying on plain UDP packet transport, such as VoIP or IoT…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-04-26 Sebastian Gallenmüller , Dominik Schöffmann , Dominik Scholz , Fabien Geyer , Georg Carle

The increasing deployment of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices has accelerated the use of distributed learning frameworks, where data remains local while model updates are shared across decentralized systems. Although this reduces…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-12 John Cartmell , Alexander Williams

The problem of mitigating maliciously injected signals in interconnected systems is dealt with in this paper. We consider the class of covert attacks, as they are stealthy and cannot be detected by conventional means in centralized…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-15 Angelo Barboni , Thomas Parisini

A learned database system uses machine learning (ML) internally to improve performance. We can expect such systems to be vulnerable to some adversarial-ML attacks. Often, the learned component is shared between mutually-distrusting users or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-03 Roei Schuster , Jin Peng Zhou , Thorsten Eisenhofer , Paul Grubbs , Nicolas Papernot

The distributed nature of local differential privacy (LDP) invites data poisoning attacks and poses unforeseen threats to the underlying LDP-supported applications. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive mitigation framework for popular…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Xiaolin Li , Ninghui Li , Boyang Wang , Wenhai Sun

Natural language processing models are vulnerable to adversarial examples. Previous textual adversarial attacks adopt gradients or confidence scores to calculate word importance ranking and generate adversarial examples. However, this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Hai Zhu , Zhaoqing Yang , Weiwei Shang , Yuren Wu

Large language models (LLMs) are now routinely used to autonomously execute complex tasks, from natural language processing to dynamic workflows like web searches. The usage of tool-calling and Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) allows…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Dennis Rall , Bernhard Bauer , Mohit Mittal , Thomas Fraunholz

Large Language Models (LLMs) face critical challenges when analyzing security vulnerabilities in real world codebases: token limits prevent loading entire repositories, code embeddings fail to capture inter procedural data flows, and LLMs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Ahmed Lekssays

Modern large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, have demonstrated impressive capabilities for coding tasks including writing and reasoning about code. They improve upon previous neural network models of code, such as code2seq or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-23 Chi Zhang , Zifan Wang , Ravi Mangal , Matt Fredrikson , Limin Jia , Corina Pasareanu

Automated negotiation has been used in a variety of distributed settings, such as privacy in the Internet of Things (IoT) devices and power distribution in Smart Grids. The most common protocol under which these agents negotiate is the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Sam Vente , Angelika Kimmig , Alun Preece , Federico Cerutti

The increasing proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has created a growing need for more efficient communication networks, especially in areas where continuous connectivity is unstable or unavailable. Opportunistic networks have…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Ángel Niebla-Montero , Iván Froiz-Míguez , Paula Fraga-Lamas , Tiago M. Fernández-Caramés

Recent studies have shown that LLMs are vulnerable to denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, where adversarial inputs like spelling errors or non-semantic prompts trigger endless outputs without generating an [EOS] token. These attacks can…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Kuofeng Gao , Tianyu Pang , Chao Du , Yong Yang , Shu-Tao Xia , Min Lin

Distributed multi-task learning (DMTL) effectively improves model generalization performance through the collaborative training of multiple related models. However, in large-scale learning scenarios, communication bottlenecks severely limit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-07-25 Minquan Cheng , Yongkang Wang , Lingyu Zhang , Youlong Wu

Providing secure communications over the physical layer with the objective of achieving perfect secrecy without requiring a secret key has been receiving growing attention within the past decade. The vast majority of the existing studies in…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-10 Sina Rezaei Aghdam , Alireza Nooraiepour , Tolga M. Duman

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) have showcased remarkable performance in image and natural language understanding, such as image captioning and response generation. As the practical applications of vision-language models become…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Peng Xie , Yequan Bie , Jianda Mao , Yangqiu Song , Yang Wang , Hao Chen , Kani Chen