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A good edge-labelling of a simple, finite graph is a labelling of its edges with real numbers such that, for every ordered pair of vertices (u,v), there is at most one nondecreasing path from u to v. In this paper we prove that any graph on…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-18 Abbas Mehrabian , Dieter Mitsche , Paweł Prałat

Let $G$ be a simple graph with $2n$ vertices and a perfect matching. We denote by $f(G)$ and $F(G)$ the minimum and maximum forcing number of $G$, respectively. Hetyei obtained that the maximum number of edges of graphs $G$ with a unique…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-11-23 Qianqian Liu , Heping Zhang

Let $G=(V(G),E(G))$ be a simple, finite and undirected graph of order $p$ and size $q$. For $k\ge 1$, a bijection $f: V(G)\cup E(G) \to \{k, k+1, k+2, \ldots, k+p+q-1\}$ such that $f(uv)= |f(u) - f(v)|$ for every edge $uv\in E(G)$ is said…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-05 Gee-Choon Lau , Wai-Chee Shiu , Ho-Kuen Ng

The distinguishing number (index) $D(G)$ ($D'(G)$) of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has an vertex labeling (edge labeling) with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. In this paper, we investigate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-14 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

A graph G is distinguished if its vertices are labelled by a map \phi: V(G) \longrightarrow {1,2,...,k} so that no graph automorphism preserves \phi. The distinguishing number of G is the minimum number k necessary for \phi to distinguish…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Julianna S. Tymoczko

An antimagic labeling of a graph $G$ with $m$ edges is a bijection from $E(G)$ to $\{1,2,\ldots,m\}$ such that for all vertices $u$ and $v$, the sum of labels on edges incident to $u$ differs from that for edges incident to $v$. Hartsfield…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-08-06 Daniel W. Cranston

Let $K$ be a complete graph of order $n$. For $d\in (0,1)$, let $c$ be a $\pm 1$-edge labeling of $K$ such that there are $d{n\choose 2}$ edges with label $+1$, and let $G$ be a spanning subgraph of $K$ of maximum degree at most $\Delta$.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-11-12 Stéphane Bessy , Johannes Pardey , Lucas Picasarri-Arrieta , Dieter Rautenbach

The sets of vertices and edges of an undirected, simple, finite, connected graph $G$ are denoted by $V(G)$ and $E(G)$, respectively. An arbitrary nonempty finite subset of consecutive integers is called an interval. An injective mapping…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2014-10-30 Narine N. Davtyan , Arpine M. Khachatryan , Rafayel R. Kamalian

A set $Z$ of vertices of a graph $G$ is a zero forcing set of $G$ if initially labeling all vertices in $Z$ with $1$ and all remaining vertices of $G$ with $0$, and then, iteratively and as long as possible, changing the label of some…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-03 Michael Gentner , Dieter Rautenbach

The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the least integer $d$ such that $G$ has a vertex labeling with $d$ labels that is preserved only by a trivial automorphism. The distinguishing stability, of a graph $G$ is denoted by…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-09-26 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani

In this paper, we investigate bounds for the following judicious $k$-partitioning problem: Given an edge-weighted graph $G$, find a $k$-partition $(V_1,V_2,\dots ,V_k)$ of $V(G)$ such that the total weight of edges in the heaviest induced…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-09 G. Gutin , M. A. Nielsen , A. Yeo , Y. Zhou

The stress of a vertex in a graph is the number of geodesics passing through it (A. Shimbel, 1953). A graph is $k$-stress regular if stress of each of its vertices is $k$. In this paper, we investigate some results and compute stress of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-10-04 K. Bhargava , N. N. Dattatreya , R. Rajendra

Let $G$ be a graph with vertex set $V(G)$ and edge set $E(G)$, and $f$ be a 0-1 labeling of $E(G)$ so that the absolute difference in the number of edges labeled 1 and 0 is no more than one. Call such a labeling $f$ \emph{edge-friendly}. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2011-06-07 Elliot Krop , Sin-Min Lee , Christopher Raridan

A graph $G$ is called edge-magic if there is a bijective function $f$ from the set of vertices and edges to the set $\{1,2,\ldots,|V(G)|+|E(G)|\}$ such that the sum $f(x)+f(xy)+f(y)$ for any $xy$ in $E(G)$ is constant. Such a function is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-07-10 S. C. López , F. A. Muntaner-Batle , M. Prabu

A strong edge-coloring of a graph $G$ is an edge-coloring such that any two edges of distance at most two receive distinct colors. The minimum number of colors we need in order to give $G$ a strong edge-coloring is called the strong…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-30 Runze Wang

Albertson has defined the irregularity of a simple undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ as $ \irr(G) = \sum_{uv\in E}|d_G(u)-d_G(v)|,$ where $d_G(u)$ denotes the degree of a vertex $u \in V$. Recently, this graph invariant gained interest in the…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-03-20 Hosam Abdo , Nathann Cohen , Darko Dimitrov

A total labeling of a graph $G = (V, E)$ is said to be local total antimagic if it is a bijection $f: V\cup E \to\{1,\ldots ,|V|+|E|\}$ such that adjacent vertices, adjacent edges, and incident vertex and edge have distinct induced weights…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-07-02 G. C. Lau

The competition graph of a digraph $D$ is a (simple undirected) graph which has the same vertex set as $D$ and has an edge between two distinct vertices $x$ and $y$ if and only if there exists a vertex $v$ in $D$ such that $(x,v)$ and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2013-12-25 Suh-Ryung Kim , Jung Yeun Lee , Boram Park , Yoshio Sano

We investigate the \textit{group irregular strength} $(s_g(G))$ of graphs, i.e the smallest value of $s$ such that for any Abelian group $\Gamma$ of order $s$ exists a function $g\colon E(G) \rightarrow \Gamma$ such that sums of edge labels…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-06 Sylwia Cichacz , Barbara Krupińska

The distinguishing index of a simple graph $G$, denoted by $D'(G)$, is the least number of labels in an edge labeling of $G$ not preserved by any non-trivial automorphism. It was conjectured by Pil\'sniak (2015) that for any 2-connected…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-14 Saeid Alikhani , Samaneh Soltani