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Knowledge Distillation (KD) aims at improving the performance of a low-capacity student model by inheriting knowledge from a high-capacity teacher model. Previous KD methods typically train a student by minimizing a task-related loss and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Mengya Gao , Yujun Shen , Quanquan Li , Junjie Yan , Liang Wan , Dahua Lin , Chen Change Loy , Xiaoou Tang

Knowledge distillation in machine learning is the process of transferring knowledge from a large model called the teacher to a smaller model called the student. Knowledge distillation is one of the techniques to compress the large network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-27 Durga Prasad Ganta , Himel Das Gupta , Victor S. Sheng

Recent advances in knowledge distillation (KD) have enabled smaller student models to approach the performance of larger teacher models. However, popular methods such as supervised KD and on-policy KD, are adversely impacted by the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Wenda Xu , Rujun Han , Zifeng Wang , Long T. Le , Dhruv Madeka , Lei Li , William Yang Wang , Rishabh Agarwal , Chen-Yu Lee , Tomas Pfister

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a new method for transferring knowledge of a structure under training to another one. The typical application of KD is in the form of learning a small model (named as a student) by soft labels produced by a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-01 Sajjad Abbasi , Mohsen Hajabdollahi , Nader Karimi , Shadrokh Samavi

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a promising technique for model compression in neural machine translation. However, where the knowledge hides in KD is still not clear, which may hinder the development of KD. In this work, we first unravel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Songming Zhang , Yunlong Liang , Shuaibo Wang , Wenjuan Han , Jian Liu , Jinan Xu , Yufeng Chen

In recent years the empirical success of transfer learning with neural networks has stimulated an increasing interest in obtaining a theoretical understanding of its core properties. Knowledge distillation where a smaller neural network is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Luca Saglietti , Lenka Zdeborová

Knowledge distillation (KD) provides an effective way to improve the performance of a student network under the guidance of pre-trained teachers. However, this approach usually brings in a large capacity gap between teacher and student…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Tong Li , Long Liu , Yihang Hu , Hu Chen , Shifeng Chen

Knowledge distillation (KD) is an effective framework to transfer knowledge from a large-scale teacher to a compact yet well-performing student. Previous KD practices for pre-trained language models mainly transfer knowledge by aligning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Lean Wang , Lei Li , Xu Sun

Knowledge distillation (KD) has become an important technique for model compression and knowledge transfer. In this work, we first perform a comprehensive analysis of the knowledge transferred by different KD methods. We demonstrate that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-07 Fei Ding , Yin Yang , Hongxin Hu , Venkat Krovi , Feng Luo

Knowledge distillation is typically conducted by training a small model (the student) to mimic a large and cumbersome model (the teacher). The idea is to compress the knowledge from the teacher by using its output probabilities as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Gustavo Aguilar , Yuan Ling , Yu Zhang , Benjamin Yao , Xing Fan , Chenlei Guo

Knowledge distillation generally assumes a strong-to-weak relationship where stronger teachers yield better students. In this work, we examine this assumption about distillation in large language model pretraining. By varying architecture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Taiming Lu , Zhuang Liu

The concept of knowledge distillation (KD) describes the training of a student model from a teacher model and is a widely adopted technique in deep learning. However, it is still not clear how and why distillation works. Previous studies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Giulia Lanzillotta , Felix Sarnthein , Gil Kur , Thomas Hofmann , Bobby He

Many recent breakthroughs in machine learning have been enabled by the pre-trained foundation models. By scaling up model parameters, training data, and computation resources, foundation models have significantly advanced the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-06 Zhe Zhao , Qingyun Liu , Huan Gui , Bang An , Lichan Hong , Ed H. Chi

Knowledge distillation (KD) is a well-known technique to effectively compress a large network (teacher) to a smaller network (student) with little sacrifice in performance. However, most KD methods require a large training set and internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Tri-Nhan Vo , Dang Nguyen , Kien Do , Sunil Gupta

Knowledge distillation (KD) is an effective method for model compression and transferring knowledge between models. However, its effect on model's robustness against spurious correlations that degrade performance on out-of-distribution data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Jiali Cheng , Chirag Agarwal , Hadi Amiri

Knowledge Distillation (KD) methods are capable of transferring the knowledge encoded in a large and complex teacher into a smaller and faster student. Early methods were usually limited to transferring the knowledge only between the last…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Nikolaos Passalis , Maria Tzelepi , Anastasios Tefas

Knowledge distillation is a method of transferring the knowledge from a complex deep neural network (DNN) to a smaller and faster DNN, while preserving its accuracy. Recent variants of knowledge distillation include teaching assistant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-11 Minghong Gao

Knowledge distillation is a popular machine learning technique that aims to transfer knowledge from a large 'teacher' network to a smaller 'student' network and improve the student's performance by training it to emulate the teacher. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-19 Sushil Thapa

With ever growing scale of neural models, knowledge distillation (KD) attracts more attention as a prominent tool for neural model compression. However, there are counter intuitive observations in the literature showing some challenging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Mehdi Rezagholizadeh , Aref Jafari , Puneeth Salad , Pranav Sharma , Ali Saheb Pasand , Ali Ghodsi

Often we wish to transfer representational knowledge from one neural network to another. Examples include distilling a large network into a smaller one, transferring knowledge from one sensory modality to a second, or ensembling a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-26 Yonglong Tian , Dilip Krishnan , Phillip Isola