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Despite a great deal of research, it is still unclear why neural networks are so susceptible to adversarial examples. In this work, we identify natural settings where depth-$2$ ReLU networks trained with gradient flow are provably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-05 Gal Vardi , Gilad Yehudai , Ohad Shamir

The notions of generating sets of conservation laws of systems of differential equations with respect to symmetry groups and equivalence groups are introduced and applied. This allows us to generalize essentially the procedure of finding…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-10-17 N. M. Ivanova , R. O. Popovych , C. Sophocleous

For systems of partial differential equations in three spatial dimensions, dynamical conservation laws holding on volumes, surfaces, and curves, as well as topological conservation laws holding on surfaces and curves, are studied in a…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 Stephen C. Anco , Alexei F. Cheviakov

Networked systems that occur in various domains, such as the power grid, the brain, and opinion networks, are known to obey conservation laws. For instance, electric networks obey Kirchoff's laws, and social networks display opinion…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-02 Anirudh Rayas , Rajasekhar Anguluri , Jiajun Cheng , Gautam Dasarathy

The great power of EQuilibrium (EQ) statistical physics comes from its principled foundations: its First Law (conservation), Second Law (variational tendency principle), and its Legendre Transforms from observables $(U, V, N)$ to their…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-03 Ying-Jen Yang , Ken A. Dill

The Green-Naghdi system is used to model highly nonlinear weakly dispersive waves propagating at the surface of a shallow layer of a perfect fluid. The system has three associated conservation laws which describe the conservation of mass,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2015-06-11 Sergey Gavrilyuk , Henrik Kalisch , Zahra Khorsand

We prove the stability of entropy solutions of nonlinear conservation laws with respect to perturbations of the initial datum, the space-time dependent flux and the entropy inequalities. Such a general stability theorem is motivated by the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2022-11-07 Elio Marconi , Emanuela Radici , Federico Stra

Turbulence follows a few well-known organizational principles, rooted in conservation laws. One such principle states that a system conserving two sign-definite invariants self-organizes into large-scale structures. Ordinary…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-02-10 Sébastien Gomé , Anna Frishman

We propose a neural entropy-stable conservative flux form neural network (NESCFN) for learning hyperbolic conservation laws and their associated entropy functions directly from solution trajectories, without requiring any predefined…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-07-03 Lizuo Liu , Lu Zhang , Anne Gelb

For nonlinear Schroedinger equations with a power nonlinearity, a new approach to derive the conservation law of the momentum and the pseudo conformal conservation law is obtained. Since this approach does not contain approximating…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2014-07-22 Kazumasa Fujiwara , Hayato Miyazaki

Scaling laws illuminate Nature's fundamental biological principles and guide bioinspired materials and structural designs. In simple cases they are based on the fundamental principle that all laws of nature remain unchanged (i.e.,…

Biological Physics · Physics 2025-02-18 Huan Liu , Shashank Priya , Richard D. James

We investigate the well-posedness of scalar conservation laws whose flux depends on the solution both pointwise and nonlocally through integral averages. Our analysis is based on a fixed-point formulation, in which the nonlocal dependence…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2026-04-13 Xiaoqian Gong , Alexander Keimer , Lorenzo Liverani , Hossein Nick Zinat Matin

We derive a modular fluid-flow network congestion control model based on a law of fundamental nature in networks: the conservation of information. Network elements such as queues, users, and transmission channels and network performance…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2016-11-18 C. Briat , E. A. Yavuz , H. Hjalmarsson , K. H. Johansson , U. T. Jönsson , G. Karlsson , H. Sandberg

Data arrives at our senses as a continuous stream, smoothly transforming from one instant to the next. These smooth transformations can be viewed as continuous symmetries of the environment that we inhabit, defining equivalence relations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 T. Anderson Keller

Transition to turbulence is due to the instability of a laminar flow subject to a disturbance. This complicated problem can be explained using a new proposed energy gradient theory in our previous study. This theory is extended to the…

Chaotic Dynamics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hua-Shu Dou

The well posedness for a class of non local systems of conservation laws in a bounded domain is proved and various stability estimates are provided. This construction is motivated by the modelling of crowd dynamics, which also leads to…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-11-15 Elena Rossi , Rinaldo M. Colombo

In interacting theories, hydrodynamics describes the universal behavior of states close to local thermal equilibrium at late times and long distances in a gradient expansion. In the hydrodynamic regime of metals, momentum relaxes slowly…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-04-29 Blaise Goutéraux , Ashish Shukla

A new form of governing equations is derived from Hamilton's principle of least action for a constrained Lagrangian, depending on conserved quantities and their derivatives with respect to the time-space. This form yields conservation laws…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2008-01-16 Sergey Gavrilyuk , Henri Gouin

In this paper, we investigate the conservation laws of different type of particles in theories with a universal gravity/matter coupling. The result brings new insights about previous studies on universal gravity/matter theories. Especially,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-09-03 Olivier Minazzoli

The training process of ReLU neural networks often exhibits complicated nonlinear phenomena. The nonlinearity of models and non-convexity of loss pose significant challenges for theoretical analysis. Therefore, most previous theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Mingze Wang , Chao Ma