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Variational Auto-encoders (VAEs) have been very successful as methods for forming compressed latent representations of complex, often high-dimensional, data. In this paper, we derive an alternative variational lower bound from the one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-20 Shuyu Lin , Ronald Clark , Robert Birke , Niki Trigoni , Stephen Roberts

Although deep neural networks and in particular Convolutional Neural Networks have demonstrated state-of-the-art performance in image classification with relatively high efficiency, they still exhibit high computational costs, often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Martial Guidez , Stefan Duffner , Yannick Alpou , Oscar Röth , Christophe Garcia

Collaborative inference systems are one of the emerging solutions for deploying deep neural networks (DNNs) at the wireless network edge. Their main idea is to divide a DNN into two parts, where the first is shallow enough to be reliably…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Mikolaj Jankowski , Deniz Gunduz , Krystian Mikolajczyk

Multi-modal document pre-trained models have proven to be very effective in a variety of visually-rich document understanding (VrDU) tasks. Though existing document pre-trained models have achieved excellent performance on standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Chuwei Luo , Guozhi Tang , Qi Zheng , Cong Yao , Lianwen Jin , Chenliang Li , Yang Xue , Luo Si

Affective Image Editing (AIE) aims to modify visual content to evoke targeted emotions. Although current approaches achieve impressive editing quality, they often overlook inference efficiency, which limits their applicability in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Xinyi Yin , Yiduo Wang , Tingqi Hu , Meicong Si , Yunyun Shi , Shi Chen , Hao Wang , Junxiao Xue , Xuecheng Wu

There has been a growing interest in recent years in modelling multiple modalities (or views) of data to for example, understand the relationship between modalities or to generate missing data. Multi-view autoencoders have gained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Ana Lawry Aguila , Andre Altmann

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) rely on amortized variational inference to enable efficient posterior approximation, but this efficiency comes at the cost of a shared parametrization, giving rise to the amortization gap. We propose the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Andrea Pollastro , Andrea Apicella , Francesco Isgrò , Roberto Prevete

The Internet of Things is transforming various fields, with sensors increasingly embedded in wearables, smart buildings, and connected equipment. While deep learning enables valuable insights from IoT data, conventional models are too…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Alaa Zniber , Mounir Ghogho , Ouassim Karrakchou , Mehdi Zakroum

Oil spills represent a severe threat, making early-stage thickness estimation crucial for guiding remediation efforts. Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) are an attractive platform for environmental monitoring. However, due to their limited…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Luca Sartori Boni , Mohamed Moursi , Norbert Wehn , Bilal Hammoud

We introduce the concept of a Modular Autoencoder (MAE), capable of learning a set of diverse but complementary representations from unlabelled data, that can later be used for supervised tasks. The learning of the representations is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-24 Henry W J Reeve , Gavin Brown

AI agents need to plan to achieve complex goals that involve orchestrating perception, sub-goal decomposition, and execution. These plans consist of ordered steps structured according to a Temporal Execution Order (TEO, a directed acyclic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Gabriel Roccabruna , Olha Khomyn , Giuseppe Riccardi

Video-based human pose estimation models aim to address scenarios that cannot be effectively solved by static image models such as motion blur, out-of-focus and occlusion. Most existing approaches consist of two stages: detecting human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Zhihong Wei

Although deep learning has made strides in the field of deep noise suppression, leveraging deep architectures on resource-constrained devices still proved challenging. Therefore, we present an early-exiting model based on nsNet2 that…

Multi-modal optimization involves identifying multiple global and local optima of a function, offering valuable insights into diverse optimal solutions within the search space. Evolutionary algorithms (EAs) excel at finding multiple…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Dikshit Chauhan , Shivani , Donghwi Jung , Anupam Yadav

When training a variational autoencoder (VAE) on a given dataset, determining the optimal number of latent variables is mostly done by grid search: a costly process in terms of computational time and carbon footprint. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Lisa Bonheme , Marek Grzes

Accurate long-term trajectory prediction in complex scenes, where multiple agents (e.g., pedestrians or vehicles) interact with each other and the environment while attempting to accomplish diverse and often unknown goals, is a challenging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Mihee Lee , Samuel S. Sohn , Seonghyeon Moon , Sejong Yoon , Mubbasir Kapadia , Vladimir Pavlovic

Multimodal information extraction (IE) tasks have attracted increasing attention because many studies have shown that multimodal information benefits text information extraction. However, existing multimodal IE datasets mainly focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Jiang Liu , Bobo Li , Xinran Yang , Na Yang , Hao Fei , Mingyao Zhang , Fei Li , Donghong Ji

This paper presents a novel framework for goal-oriented semantic communications leveraging recursive early exit models. The proposed approach is built on two key components. First, we introduce an innovative early exit strategy that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Jary Pomponi , Mattia Merluzzi , Alessio Devoto , Mateus Pontes Mota , Paolo Di Lorenzo , Simone Scardapane

Multimodal variational autoencoders (VAEs) aim to capture shared latent representations by integrating information from different data modalities. A significant challenge is accurately inferring representations from any subset of modalities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Yuta Oshima , Masahiro Suzuki , Yutaka Matsuo

As deep Variational Auto-Encoder (VAE) frameworks become more widely used for modeling biomolecular simulation data, we emphasize the capability of the VAE architecture to concurrently maximize the timescale of the latent space while…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2021-12-08 Hannah K. Wayment-Steele , Vijay S. Pande