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Machine unlearning considers the removal of the contribution of a set of data points from a trained model. In a distributed setting, where a server orchestrates training using data available at a set of remote users, unlearning is essential…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-07 Natalie Lang , Alon Helvitz , Nir Shlezinger

Machine unlearning aims to selectively remove targeted knowledge from Large Language Models (LLMs), ensuring they forget specified content while retaining essential information. Existing unlearning metrics assess whether a model correctly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Wonje Jeung , Sangyeon Yoon , Albert No

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) increasingly need to forget specific knowledge such as unsafe or private information without requiring full retraining. However, existing unlearning methods often disrupt vision language alignment,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Arpit Garg , Hemanth Saratchandran , Simon Lucey

Machine unlearning for large language models (LLMs) aims to remove undesired data, knowledge, and behaviors (e.g., for safety, privacy, or copyright) while preserving useful model capabilities. Despite rapid progress over the past two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Chongyu Fan , Changsheng Wang , Yancheng Huang , Soumyadeep Pal , Sijia Liu

Recently, the enactment of privacy regulations has promoted the rise of the machine unlearning paradigm. Existing studies of machine unlearning mainly focus on sample-wise unlearning, such that a learnt model will not expose user's privacy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Tao Guo , Song Guo , Jiewei Zhang , Wenchao Xu , Junxiao Wang

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have emerged as a notable field, attracting significant attention for its ability to automatically generate intelligent contents for various application domains. However, LLMs still suffer from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-29 Kongyang Chen , Zixin Wang , Bing Mi , Waixi Liu , Shaowei Wang , Xiaojun Ren , Jiaxing Shen

Like masked language modeling (MLM) in natural language processing, masked image modeling (MIM) aims to extract valuable insights from image patches to enhance the feature extraction capabilities of the underlying deep neural network (DNN).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-30 Yixuan Luo , Mengye Ren , Sai Qian Zhang

Machine unlearning allows data owners to erase the impact of their specified data from trained models. Unfortunately, recent studies have shown that adversaries can recover the erased data, posing serious threats to user privacy. An…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Weiqi Wang , Chenhan Zhang , Zhiyi Tian , Shushu Liu , Shui Yu

Exact unlearning was first introduced as a privacy mechanism that allowed a user to retract their data from machine learning models on request. Shortly after, inexact schemes were proposed to mitigate the impractical costs associated with…

Recent advances in image generation models (IGMs), particularly diffusion-based architectures such as Stable Diffusion (SD), have markedly enhanced the quality and diversity of AI-generated visual content. However, their generative…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Renyang Liu , Guanlin Li , Tianwei Zhang , See-Kiong Ng

Privacy concerns in LLMs have led to the rapidly growing need to enforce a data's "right to be forgotten". Machine unlearning addresses precisely this task, namely the removal of the influence of some specific data, i.e., the forget set,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Xingjian Zhao , Mohammad Mohammadi Amiri , Malik Magdon-Ismail

Machine Unlearning is an emerging paradigm for selectively removing the impact of training datapoints from a network. Unlike existing methods that target a limited subset or a single class, our framework unlearns all classes in a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Samuele Poppi , Sara Sarto , Marcella Cornia , Lorenzo Baraldi , Rita Cucchiara

Machine unlearning (MU) is gaining increasing attention due to the need to remove or modify predictions made by machine learning (ML) models. While training models have become more efficient and accurate, the importance of unlearning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Thanveer Shaik , Xiaohui Tao , Haoran Xie , Lin Li , Xiaofeng Zhu , Qing Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into real-world applications, raising concerns about privacy, security and the need to remove undesirable knowledge. Machine Unlearning has emerged as a promising solution, yet faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Yisheng Zhong , Zhengbang Yang , Zhuangdi Zhu

In recent years, the notion of ``the right to be forgotten" (RTBF) has become a crucial aspect of data privacy for digital trust and AI safety, requiring the provision of mechanisms that support the removal of personal data of individuals…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Ziyao Liu , Yu Jiang , Jiyuan Shen , Minyi Peng , Kwok-Yan Lam , Xingliang Yuan , Xiaoning Liu

Machine Unlearning (MU) algorithms have become increasingly critical due to the imperative adherence to data privacy regulations. The primary objective of MU is to erase the influence of specific data samples on a given model without the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Zheyuan Liu , Guangyao Dou , Yijun Tian , Chunhui Zhang , Eli Chien , Ziwei Zhu

Generative models such as Large Language Models (LLM) and Multimodal Large Language models (MLLMs) trained on massive web corpora can memorize and disclose individuals' confidential and private data, raising legal and ethical concerns.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zheyuan Liu , Guangyao Dou , Mengzhao Jia , Zhaoxuan Tan , Qingkai Zeng , Yongle Yuan , Meng Jiang

As the Large Language Model (LLM) gains widespread adoption, increasing attention has been given to the challenge of making LLM forget non-compliant data memorized during its pre-training. Machine Unlearning focuses on efficiently erasing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Yujian Sun , Tian Li

Generative AI technologies have been deployed in many places, such as (multimodal) large language models and vision generative models. Their remarkable performance should be attributed to massive training data and emergent reasoning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Zheyuan Liu , Guangyao Dou , Zhaoxuan Tan , Yijun Tian , Meng Jiang

Machine unlearning has emerged as an important component in developing safe and trustworthy models. Prior work on fact unlearning in LLMs has mostly focused on removing a specified target fact robustly, but often overlooks its deductive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Ruihan Wu , Chhavi Yadav , Russ Salakhutdinov , Kamalika Chaudhuri