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Interpretability benefits the theoretical understanding of representations. Existing word embeddings are generally dense representations. Hence, the meaning of latent dimensions is difficult to interpret. This makes word embeddings like a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Minxue Xia , Hao Zhu

The growing demand for robots to operate effectively in diverse environments necessitates the need for robust real-time anomaly detection techniques during robotic operations. However, deep learning-based models in robotics face significant…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Taewook Kang , Bum-Jae You , Juyoun Park , Yisoo Lee

Attention serves as the fundamental mechanism for long-context modeling in large language models (LLMs), yet dense attention becomes structurally prohibitive for long sequences due to its quadratic complexity. Consequently, sparse attention…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Junxiang Qiu , Shuo Wang , Zhengsu Chen , Hengheng Zhang , Jinda Lu , Changcheng Li , Qi Tian

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) offer a natural path toward comparable explanations across different representation spaces. However, current SAEs are trained per modality, producing dictionaries whose features are not directly understandable and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Difei Gu , Yunhe Gao , Gerasimos Chatzoudis , Zihan Dong , Guoning Zhang , Bangwei Guo , Yang Zhou , Mu Zhou , Dimitris Metaxas

Large language models deliver strong generative performance but at the cost of massive parameter counts, memory use, and decoding latency. Prior work has shown that pruning and structured sparsity can preserve accuracy under substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Andrew Kiruluta

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) have been successfully used to probe Large Language Models (LLMs) and extract interpretable concepts from their internal representations. These concepts are linear combinations of neuron activations that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Mathis Le Bail , Jérémie Dentan , Davide Buscaldi , Sonia Vanier

Recent large language models have demonstrated relevant capabilities in solving problems that require logical reasoning; however, the corresponding internal mechanisms remain largely unexplored. In this paper, we show that a small language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Davide Maltoni , Matteo Ferrara

The ability of large language models (LLMs) to follow instructions is crucial for their practical applications, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This paper presents a novel framework that leverages sparse autoencoders…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Zirui He , Haiyan Zhao , Yiran Qiao , Fan Yang , Ali Payani , Jing Ma , Mengnan Du

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has become a cornerstone in vision-language representation learning, powering diverse downstream tasks and serving as the default vision backbone in multimodal large language models (MLLMs).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chuan Qin , Constantin Venhoff , Sonia Joseph , Fanyi Xiao , Stefan Scherer

Deep neural perception and control networks are likely to be a key component of self-driving vehicles. These models need to be explainable - they should provide easy-to-interpret rationales for their behavior - so that passengers, insurance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-04-03 Jinkyu Kim , John Canny

The article explores an encoding and structural information processing approach using sparse bit vectors and fixed-length linear vectors. The following are presented: a discrete method of speculative stochastic dimensionality reduction of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Dmitriy Kashitsyn , Dmitriy Shabanov

Sparse coding is an unsupervised learning algorithm that learns a succinct high-level representation of the inputs given only unlabeled data; it represents each input as a sparse linear combination of a set of basis functions. Originally…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-06-26 Roger Grosse , Rajat Raina , Helen Kwong , Andrew Y. Ng

Automotive radar provides reliable environmental perception in all-weather conditions with affordable cost, but it hardly supplies semantic and geometry information due to the sparsity of radar detection points. With the development of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-07 Jianan Liu , Weiyi Xiong , Liping Bai , Yuxuan Xia , Tao Huang , Wanli Ouyang , Bing Zhu

Transformer-based language models have found many diverse applications requiring them to process sequences of increasing length. For these applications, the causal self-attention -- which is the only component scaling quadratically w.r.t.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Matteo Pagliardini , Daniele Paliotta , Martin Jaggi , François Fleuret

Sparse Autoencoder (SAE) has emerged as a powerful tool for mechanistic interpretability of large language models. Recent works apply SAE to protein language models (PLMs), aiming to extract and analyze biologically meaningful features from…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2026-01-21 Xiangyu Liu , Haodi Lei , Yi Liu , Yang Liu , Wei Hu

Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs) are powerful tools for interpreting neural representations, yet their use in audio remains underexplored. We train SAEs across all encoder layers of Whisper and HuBERT, provide an extensive evaluation of their…

Sparse Autoencoders have emerged as powerful tools for interpreting the internal representations of Large Language Models, yet they often fail to capture domain-specific features not prevalent in their training corpora. This paper…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Nikita Koriagin , Yaroslav Aksenov , Daniil Laptev , Gleb Gerasimov , Nikita Balagansky , Daniil Gavrilov

A popular approach within the signal processing and machine learning communities consists in modelling signals as sparse linear combinations of atoms selected from a learned dictionary. While this paradigm has led to numerous empirical…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2012-10-03 Rodolphe Jenatton , Rémi Gribonval , Francis Bach

Speculative Decoding has gained popularity as an effective technique for accelerating the auto-regressive inference process of Large Language Models. However, Speculative Decoding entirely relies on the availability of efficient draft…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Ofir Zafrir , Igor Margulis , Dorin Shteyman , Shira Guskin , Guy Boudoukh

Discriminative features extracted from the sparse coding model have been shown to perform well for classification. Recent deep learning architectures have further improved reconstruction in inverse problems by considering new dense priors…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Abiy Tasissa , Emmanouil Theodosis , Bahareh Tolooshams , Demba Ba