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I study the physical nature of traces (or memories). Surprisingly, (i) systems separation with (ii) temperature differences and (iii) long thermalization times, are sufficient conditions to produce macroscopic traces. Traces of the past are…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2020-03-17 Carlo Rovelli

This paper describes a new type of auto-associative image classifier that uses a shallow architecture with a very quick learning phase. The image is parsed into smaller areas and each area is saved directly for a region, along with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-21 Kieran Greer

Probabilistic graphical models (PGMs) are widely used to discover latent structure in data, but their success hinges on selecting an appropriate model design. In practice, model specification is difficult and often requires iterative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Kevin Zhang , Yixin Wang

We show that macro-molecular self-assembly can recognize and classify high-dimensional patterns in the concentrations of $N$ distinct molecular species. Similar to associative neural networks, the recognition here leverages dynamical…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-04-26 Weishun Zhong , David J. Schwab , Arvind Murugan

The rapid progress of generative models has intensified the need for reliable and robust detection under real-world conditions. However, existing detectors often overfit to generator-specific artifacts and remain highly sensitive to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Ruiqi Liu , Yi Han , Zhengbo Zhang , Liwei Yao , Zhiyuan Yan , Jialiang Shen , ZhiJin Chen , Boyi Sun , Lubin Weng , Jing Dong , Yan Wang , Shu Wu

Analogy is one of the core capacities of human cognition; when faced with new situations, we often transfer prior experience from other domains. Most work on computational analogy relies heavily on complex, manually crafted input. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-06 Shahar Jacob , Chen Shani , Dafna Shahaf

Continuously estimating an agent's state space and a representation of its surroundings has proven vital towards full autonomy. A shared common ground among systems which successfully achieve this feat is the integration of previously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-08-05 Gil Avraham , Yan Zuo , Thanuja Dharmasiri , Tom Drummond

The Engram module -- a hash-keyed, O(1) associative memory injected into Transformer layers -- was recently shown to improve large language model pretraining, with the appealing interpretation that it provides a content-addressed shortcut…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jinghao Wang , Qiyuan He , Chunbin Gu , Pheng-Ann Heng

Many different studies have suggested that episodic memory is a generative process, but most computational models adopt a storage view. In this work, we propose a computational model for generative episodic memory. It is based on the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-29 Zahra Fayyaz , Aya Altamimi , Sen Cheng , Laurenz Wiskott

The Expectation--Maximization (EM) algorithm is a simple meta-algorithm that has been used for many years as a methodology for statistical inference when there are missing measurements in the observed data or when the data is composed of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-11-15 Hideitsu Hino , Shotaro Akaho , Noboru Murata

Large pretrained self-attention neural networks, or transformers, have been very successful in various tasks recently. The performance of a model on a given task depends on its ability to memorize and generalize the training data. Large…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Aki Härmä , Marcin Pietrasik , Anna Wilbik

Energy-based models (EBMs) are powerful probabilistic models, but suffer from intractable sampling and density evaluation due to the partition function. As a result, inference in EBMs relies on approximate sampling algorithms, leading to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-01-10 Dieterich Lawson , George Tucker , Bo Dai , Rajesh Ranganath

In this paper, we present a new kind of learning implementation to recognize the patterns using the concept of Mirroring Neural Network (MNN) which can extract information from distinct sensory input patterns and perform pattern recognition…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2008-12-16 Dasika Ratna Deepthi , K. Eswaran

A famous biologically inspired hierarchical model firstly proposed by Riesenhuber and Poggio has been successfully applied to multiple visual recognition tasks. The model is able to achieve a set of position- and scale-tolerant recognition,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-07-05 Qiao Hong , Li Yinlin , Tang Tang , Wang Peng

I review and expand the model of quantum associative memory that I have recently proposed. In this model binary patterns of n bits are stored in the quantum superposition of the appropriate subset of the computational basis of n qbits.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Carlo A. Trugenberger

This paper argues that self-awareness is a learned behavior that emerges in organisms whose brains have a sufficiently integrated, complex ability for associative learning and memory. Continual sensory input of information related to the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2007-06-13 Emmanuel Tannenbaum

Biology stores information and computes at the molecular scale, yet the ways in which it does so are often distinct from human-engineered computers. Mapping biological computation onto architectures familiar to computer science remains an…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-03-31 Jan Kocka , Kabir Husain , Jaime Agudo-Canalejo

Many living and artificial systems improve their fitness or performance by adapting to changing environments or diverse training data. However, it remains unclear how such environmental variation influences adaptation, what is learned in…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-04-09 Mengjie Zu , Carl P. Goodrich

Emotion recognition is the task of classifying perceived emotions in people. Previous works have utilized various nonverbal cues to extract features from images and correlate them to emotions. Of these cues, situational context is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-08 Willams de Lima Costa , Estefania Talavera Martinez , Lucas Silva Figueiredo , Veronica Teichrieb

Conceptual spaces are geometric representations of conceptual knowledge, in which entities correspond to points, natural properties correspond to convex regions, and the dimensions of the space correspond to salient features. While…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-10-26 Shoaib Jameel , Steven Schockaert