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The fine-tuning paradigm has emerged as a prominent approach for addressing long-tail learning tasks in the era of foundation models. However, the impact of fine-tuning strategies on long-tail learning performance remains unexplored. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Jiang-Xin Shi , Tong Wei , Yu-Feng Li

In class-incremental learning, the model is expected to learn new classes continually while maintaining knowledge on previous classes. The challenge here lies in preserving the model's ability to effectively represent prior classes in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Arjun Ashok , K J Joseph , Vineeth Balasubramanian

Continual learning (CL) is an approach to address catastrophic forgetting, which refers to forgetting previously learned knowledge by neural networks when trained on new tasks or data distributions. The adversarial robustness has decomposed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Hikmat Khan , Nidhal C. Bouaynaya , Ghulam Rasool

Continual Learning (CL, sometimes also termed incremental learning) is a flavor of machine learning where the usual assumption of stationary data distribution is relaxed or omitted. When naively applying, e.g., DNNs in CL problems, changes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-31 Benedikt Bagus , Alexander Gepperth , Timothée Lesort

Large Language Models (LLMs) need to adapt to the continuous changes in data, tasks, and user preferences. Due to their massive size and the high costs associated with training, LLMs are not suitable for frequent retraining. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Dongfang Li , Zetian Sun , Xinshuo Hu , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Recent progress in motion forecasting has been substantially driven by self-supervised pre-training. However, adapting pre-trained models for specific downstream tasks, especially motion prediction, through extensive fine-tuning is often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Jifeng Wang , Kaouther Messaoud , Yuejiang Liu , Juergen Gall , Alexandre Alahi

As foundation models continue to exponentially scale in size, efficient methods of adaptation become increasingly critical. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), a recent class of techniques that require only modifying a small percentage…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-01 George Pu , Anirudh Jain , Jihan Yin , Russell Kaplan

Humans learn all their life long. They accumulate knowledge from a sequence of learning experiences and remember the essential concepts without forgetting what they have learned previously. Artificial neural networks struggle to learn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-09 Timothée Lesort

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have emphasized the critical role of fine-tuning (FT) techniques in adapting LLMs to specific tasks, especially when retraining from scratch is computationally infeasible. Fine-tuning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xiao Han , Zimo Zhao , Wanyu Wang , Maolin Wang , Zitao Liu , Yi Chang , Xiangyu Zhao

Continual Learning (CL) aims to learn from a non-stationary data stream where the underlying distribution changes over time. While recent advances have produced efficient memory-free methods in the offline CL (offCL) setting, where tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Nicolas Michel , Maorong Wang , Jiangpeng He , Toshihiko Yamasaki

We introduce an approach for incremental learning that preserves feature descriptors of training images from previously learned classes, instead of the images themselves, unlike most existing work. Keeping the much lower-dimensional feature…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-26 Ahmet Iscen , Jeffrey Zhang , Svetlana Lazebnik , Cordelia Schmid

Large Language Models like ChatGPT demonstrate a remarkable capacity to learn new concepts during inference without any fine-tuning. However, visual models trained to detect new objects during inference have been unable to replicate this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Christopher Fifty , Dennis Duan , Ronald G. Junkins , Ehsan Amid , Jure Leskovec , Christopher Re , Sebastian Thrun

Recently, foundation models have exhibited remarkable advancements in multi-modal learning. These models, equipped with millions (or billions) of parameters, typically require a substantial amount of data for finetuning. However, collecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-25 Haokun Chen , Yao Zhang , Denis Krompass , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

Federated fine-tuning (FedFT) of large language models (LLMs) has emerged as a promising solution for adapting models to distributed data environments while ensuring data privacy. Existing FedFT methods predominantly utilize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yujia Huo , Jianchun Liu , Hongli Xu , Zhenguo Ma , Shilong Wang , Liusheng Huang

Most Continual Learning (CL) methods maintain performance on earlier tasks by storing exemplars in a replay buffer, introducing memory overhead that scales with the number of tasks and raising privacy concerns in regulated domains. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Mohammad Ali Vahedifar , Qi Zhang

The impressive performance of deep learning architectures is associated with a massive increase in model complexity. Millions of parameters need to be tuned, with training and inference time scaling accordingly, together with energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Paolo Didier Alfano , Vito Paolo Pastore , Lorenzo Rosasco , Francesca Odone

Continual learning (CL) aims to help deep neural networks learn new knowledge while retaining what has been learned. Owing to their powerful generalizability, pre-trained vision-language models such as Contrastive Language-Image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Saurav Jha , Dong Gong , Lina Yao

How to adapt a pre-trained model continuously for sequential tasks with different prediction class labels and domains and finally learn a generalizable model across diverse tasks is a long-lasting challenge. Continual learning (CL) has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Xiaobing Yu , Jin Yang , Xiao Wu , Peijie Qiu , Xiaofeng Liu

Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT) is a critical step for enhancing the instruction-following capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) and adapting them to specialized domains. However, SFT often leads to a degradation of the model's general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Fei Ding , Baiqiao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) with one or more fine-tuning phases have become a necessary step to unlock various capabilities, enabling LLMs to follow natural language instructions or align with human preferences. However, it carries the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Tingfeng Hui , Zhenyu Zhang , Shuohuan Wang , Weiran Xu , Yu Sun , Hua Wu