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Diffusion models have recently emerged as a powerful framework for generative modeling. They consist of a forward process that perturbs input data with Gaussian white noise and a reverse process that learns a score function to generate…

Score-based diffusion modeling is a generative machine learning algorithm that can be used to sample from complex distributions. They achieve this by learning a score function, i.e., the gradient of the log-probability density of the data,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Dibyajyoti Chakraborty , Haiwen Guan , Jason Stock , Troy Arcomano , Guido Cervone , Romit Maulik

Diffusion models generate high-quality synthetic data. They operate by defining a continuous-time forward process which gradually adds Gaussian noise to data until fully corrupted. The corresponding reverse process progressively "denoises"…

Graph structures offer a versatile framework for representing diverse patterns in nature and complex systems, applicable across domains like molecular chemistry, social networks, and transportation systems. While diffusion models have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-10 Adrien Carrel

Score-based models generate samples by mapping noise to data (and vice versa) via a high-dimensional diffusion process. We question whether it is necessary to run this entire process at high dimensionality and incur all the inconveniences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-28 Bowen Jing , Gabriele Corso , Renato Berlinghieri , Tommi Jaakkola

This paper explores the use of score-based diffusion models for Bayesian image reconstruction. Diffusion models are an efficient tool for generative modeling. Diffusion models can also be used for solving image reconstruction problems. We…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-06 Michael T. McCann , Hyungjin Chung , Jong Chul Ye , Marc L. Klasky

Machine learning has demonstrated remarkable promise for solving the trajectory generation problem and in paving the way for online use of trajectory optimization for resource-constrained spacecraft. However, a key shortcoming in current…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Julia Briden , Breanna Johnson , Richard Linares , Abhishek Cauligi

Many data-driven decision problems are formulated using a nominal distribution estimated from historical data, while performance is ultimately determined by a deployment distribution that may be shifted, context-dependent, partially…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Xiuyuan Cheng , Yunqin Zhu , Yao Xie

Score-based diffusion models provide a powerful way to model images using the gradient of the data distribution. Leveraging the learned score function as a prior, here we introduce a way to sample data from a conditional distribution given…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-19 Hyungjin Chung , Jong Chul Ye

We provide an overview of the diffusion model as a method to generate new samples. Generative models have been recently adopted for tasks such as art generation (Stable Diffusion, Dall-E) and text generation (ChatGPT). Diffusion models in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-13 Justin Le

Score-based generative modelling (SGM) has proven to be a very effective method for modelling densities on finite-dimensional spaces. In this work we propose to extend this methodology to learn generative models over functional spaces. To…

We present a supervised learning framework of training generative models for density estimation. Generative models, including generative adversarial networks, normalizing flows, variational auto-encoders, are usually considered as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Yanfang Liu , Minglei Yang , Zezhong Zhang , Feng Bao , Yanzhao Cao , Guannan Zhang

Score-based diffusion models are a class of generative models whose dynamics is described by stochastic differential equations that map noise into data. While recent works have started to lay down a theoretical foundation for these models,…

Diffusion-based generative modeling has been achieving state-of-the-art results on various generation tasks. Most diffusion models, however, are limited to a single-generation modeling. Can we generalize diffusion models with the ability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Changyou Chen , Han Ding , Bunyamin Sisman , Yi Xu , Ouye Xie , Benjamin Z. Yao , Son Dinh Tran , Belinda Zeng

We present a novel approach to reconstruct gas and dark matter projected density maps of galaxy clusters using score-based generative modeling. Our diffusion model takes in mock SZ and X-ray images as conditional inputs, and generates…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-16 Alan Hsu , Matthew Ho , Joyce Lin , Carleen Markey , Michelle Ntampaka , Hy Trac , Barnabás Póczos

Score-based diffusion models are a powerful class of generative models, widely utilized across diverse domains. Despite significant advancements in large-scale tasks such as text-to-image generation, their application to constrained domains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Saeid Naderiparizi , Xiaoxuan Liang , Setareh Cohan , Berend Zwartsenberg , Frank Wood

Learning a categorical distribution comes with its own set of challenges. A successful approach taken by state-of-the-art works is to cast the problem in a continuous domain to take advantage of the impressive performance of the generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Florence Regol , Mark Coates

This work explores the theoretical and practical foundations of denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs) and score-based generative models, which leverage stochastic processes and Brownian motion to model complex data distributions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Jathin Korrapati , Tanish Baranwal , Rahul Shah

Diffusion models, as a novel generative paradigm, have achieved remarkable success in various image generation tasks such as image inpainting, image-to-text translation, and video generation. Graph generation is a crucial computational task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-29 Chengyi Liu , Wenqi Fan , Yunqing Liu , Jiatong Li , Hang Li , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang , Qing Li

Score-based diffusion models generate samples from a complex underlying data distribution by time-reversal of a diffusion process and represent the state-of-the-art in many generative AI applications. Here, I show how a generative diffusion…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2025-09-03 Adrian Baule
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