Related papers: On a Conjecture by Hayashi on Finite Connected Qua…
A rack is a set with a binary operation such that left multiplications are automorphisms of the set and a quandle is a rack satisfying a certain condition. For a finite connected rack the cycle type of the permutation defined by left…
Quandles are right-invertible, right-self distributive (and idempotent) algebraic structures. Therefore, right translations are quandle automorphisms. It has been interesting to look into finite quandles by way of the cycle structures their…
A quandle is an algebraic structure satisfying three axioms: idempotency, right-invertibility and right self-distributivity. In quandles, right translations are permutations. The profile of a quandle is the list of cycle structures, one per…
We give a comprehensive description of conjugation quandles and their connectedness. In this context, we find a characterization of Hayashi's conjecture (2013) in terms of a centrality condition of groups. This condition is thus a…
We provide obstructions on the cycle structure of inner automorphisms of finite indecomposable racks and quandles and verify some cases of a conjecture by C. Hayashi.
A (left) quandle is connected if its left multiplication group acts transitively. In 2014, Eisermann introduced the concept of quandle coverings, corresponding to so-called constant quandle cocycles that form a subset of quandle cocycles. A…
A quandle is a set that has a binary operation satisfying three conditions corresponding to the Reidemeister moves. Homology theories of quandles have been developed in a way similar to group homology, and have been applied to knots and…
Racks and quandles are algebraic structures with a single binary operation that is right self-distributive and right invertible, and additionally idempotent in the case of quandles. The invertibility condition is equivalent to the existence…
Residual finiteness is known to be an important property of groups appearing in combinatorial group theory and low dimensional topology. In a recent work [2] residual finiteness of quandles was introduced, and it was proved that free…
This paper summarizes substantive new results derived by a student team (the first three authors) under the direction of the fourth author at the 2005 session of the KSU REU ``Brainstorming and Barnstorming''. The main results are a…
In the paper we describe the class of principal quandles and show that connected quandles can be decomposed as a disjoint union of principal quandles. We also prove that simple affine quandles are finite and they can be characterized among…
A quandle is an algebraic structure whose axioms correspond to the Reidemeister moves of knot theory. S. Kamada introduced the notion of a quandle with a good involution, which is later called a symmetric quandle. We are interested in the…
Quandles are self-distributive, right-invertible, idempotent algebras. A group with conjugation for binary operation is an example of a quandle. Given a quandle $(Q, \ast)$ and a positive integer $n$, define $a\ast_n b = (\cdots (a\ast…
We show that the embeddability relations for countable quandles and for countable fields of any given characteristic other than 2 are maximally complex in a strong sense: they are invariantly universal. This notion from the theory of Borel…
We introduce a notion of natural orderings of elements of finite connected quandles of order $n$. When the elements of such a quandle $Q$ are already ordered naturally, any automophism on $Q$ is a natural ordering. Although there are many…
We introduce the notion of a hierarchical quandle, which is a generalisation of diquandles and multi-quandles. Using hierarchical quandle colourings, we construct a cocycle invariants for links coloured by quandles.
To better understand the fundamental quandle of a knot or link, it can be useful to look at finite quotients of the quandle. One such quotient is the $n$-quandle (or, when $n=2$, the {\em involutory} quandle). Hoste and Shanahan \cite{HS2}…
A quandle is an algebraic system originated in knot theory, and can be regarded as a generalization of symmetric spaces. The inner automorphism group of a quandle is defined as the group generated by the point symmetries (right…
A quandle is a self-distributive algebraic structure that appears in quasi-group and knot theories. For each abelian group A and c \in A we define a quandle G(A, c) on \Z_3 \times A. These quandles are generalizations of a class of…
Quandles can be regarded as generalizations of symmetric spaces. In the study of symmetric spaces, the notion of flatness plays an important role. In this paper, we define the notion of flat quandles, by referring to the theory of…