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Meta-learning is a popular approach for learning new tasks with limited data by leveraging the commonalities among different tasks. However, meta-learned models can perform poorly when context data is too limited, or when data is drawn from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Young-Jin Park , Cesar Almecija , Apoorva Sharma , Navid Azizan

Meta-learning, which pursues an effective initialization model, has emerged as a promising approach to handling unseen tasks. However, a limitation remains to be evident when a meta-learner tries to encompass a wide range of task…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Jae-Jun Lee , Sung Whan Yoon

Fine-tuning and in-context learning (ICL) are two prevalent methods in imbuing large language models with task-specific knowledge. It is commonly believed that fine-tuning can surpass ICL given sufficient training samples as it allows the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Qingyu Yin , Xuzheng He , Luoao Deng , Chak Tou Leong , Fan Wang , Yanzhao Yan , Xiaoyu Shen , Qiang Zhang

A core capability of intelligent systems is the ability to quickly learn new tasks by drawing on prior experience. Gradient (or optimization) based meta-learning has recently emerged as an effective approach for few-shot learning. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-11 Aravind Rajeswaran , Chelsea Finn , Sham Kakade , Sergey Levine

In-context learning (ICL) enables models to adapt to new tasks via inference-time demonstrations. Despite its success in large language models, the extension of ICL to multimodal settings remains poorly understood in terms of its internal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Yu Wang , Sharon Li

Meta learning is a promising solution to few-shot learning problems. However, existing meta learning methods are restricted to the scenarios where training and application tasks share the same out-put structure. To obtain a meta model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Yingtian Zou , Jiashi Feng

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable proficiency in in-context learning (ICL), where models adapt to new tasks through example-based prompts without requiring parameter updates. However, understanding how tasks are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Baturay Saglam , Xinyang Hu , Zhuoran Yang , Dionysis Kalogerias , Amin Karbasi

In-context learning (ICL) facilitates Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibiting emergent ability on downstream tasks without updating billions of parameters. However, in the area of multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs), two problems…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Jun Gao , Qian Qiao , Ziqiang Cao , Zili Wang , Wenjie Li

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show promise in embodied reasoning, yet remain far from true generalists-they often require task-specific fine-tuning, incur high compute costs, and generalize poorly to unseen tasks. We propose MetaVLA,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Chen Li , Zhantao Yang , Han Zhang , Fangyi Chen , Chenchen Zhu , Anudeepsekhar Bolimera , Marios Savvides

Meta-learning is a tool that allows us to build sample-efficient learning systems. Here we show that, once meta-trained, LSTM Meta-Learners aren't just faster learners than their sample-inefficient deep learning (DL) and reinforcement…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Neil C. Rabinowitz

With approximately 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, current large language models (LLMs) support only a small subset. Prior research indicates LLMs can learn new languages for certain tasks without supervised data. We extend this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Zhaolin Li , Jan Niehues

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on various tasks, yet their ability to extract and internalize deeper insights from domain-specific datasets remains underexplored. In this study, we investigate how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse domains. However, effectively leveraging their vast knowledge for training smaller downstream models remains an open challenge, especially in domains like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Davor Vukadin , Marin Šilić , Goran Delač

Large Language Models (LLMs) have so far impressed the world, with unprecedented capabilities that emerge in models at large scales. On the vision side, transformer models (i.e., ViT) are following the same trend, achieving the best…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Mustafa Shukor , Corentin Dancette , Matthieu Cord

Overfitting is a significant challenge in Few-Shot Learning (FSL), where models trained on small, variable datasets tend to memorize rather than generalize to unseen tasks. Regularization is crucial in FSL to prevent overfitting and enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Mohammad Rostami , Atik Faysal , Huaxia Wang , Avimanyu Sahoo

While deep networks can learn complex functions such as classifiers, detectors, and trackers, many applications require models that continually adapt to changing input distributions, changing tasks, and changing environmental conditions.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Jathushan Rajasegaran , Chelsea Finn , Sergey Levine

Data availability has dramatically increased in recent years, driving model-based control methods to exploit learning techniques for improving the system description, and thus control performance. Two key factors that hinder the practical…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-22 Elena Arcari , Andrea Carron , Melanie N. Zeilinger

Real-world applications of large language models (LLMs) in computational social science (CSS) tasks primarily depend on the effectiveness of instruction tuning (IT) or in-context learning (ICL). While IT has shown highly effective at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-09-24 Taihang Wang , Xiaoman Xu , Yimin Wang , Ye Jiang

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly evaluated on reasoning tasks, yet their logical abilities remain contested. To address this, we study LLMs' reasoning in a well-defined fragment of logic: syllogistic reasoning. We cast the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Leonardo Bertolazzi , Manuel Vargas Guzmán , Raffaella Bernardi , Maciej Malicki , Jakub Szymanik

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in agentic workflows, which are structured sequences of LLM invocations intended to solve complex tasks. However, existing approaches often rely on static…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Runchuan Zhu , Bowen Jiang , Lingrui Mei , Fangkai Yang , Lu Wang , Haoxiang Gao , Fengshuo Bai , Pu Zhao , Qingwei Lin , Saravan Rajmohan , Dongmei Zhang