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Large Language Model (LLM) based agents are powerful yet fundamentally static after deployment, lacking the ability to autonomously expand capabilities, generate new tools, or evolve their reasoning. This work introduces a hierarchical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Indrajit Kar , Sammy Zonunpuia , Zonunfeli Ralte

The proliferation of large language models (LLMs) has accelerated the adoption of agent-based workflows, where multiple autonomous agents reason, invoke functions, and collaborate to compose complex data pipelines. However, current…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Zoi Kaoudi , Ioana Giurgiu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in general natural language processing tasks but often fall short in complex reasoning tasks. Recent studies have explored human-like problem-solving strategies, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Zhenran Xu , Senbao Shi , Baotian Hu , Jindi Yu , Dongfang Li , Min Zhang , Yuxiang Wu

LLM-based Multi-Agent Systems have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in addressing complex, agentic tasks, from generating high-quality presentation slides to even conducting sophisticated scientific research. Meanwhile, RL has been…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Junwei Liao , Muning Wen , Jun Wang , Weinan Zhang

Information technology has profoundly altered the way humans interact with information. The vast amount of content created, shared, and disseminated online has made it increasingly difficult to access relevant information. Over the past two…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Yu Zhang , Shutong Qiao , Jiaqi Zhang , Tzu-Heng Lin , Chen Gao , Yong Li

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive accomplishments in both reasoning and planning, their abilities in multi-agent collaborations remains largely unexplored. This study evaluates LLM-based agents in a multi-agent…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Huao Li , Yu Quan Chong , Simon Stepputtis , Joseph Campbell , Dana Hughes , Michael Lewis , Katia Sycara

Large language models (LLMs) have recently emerged as promising tools for solving challenging robotic tasks, even in the presence of action and observation uncertainties. Recent LLM-based decision-making methods (also referred to as…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Abhinav Jain , Chris Jermaine , Vaibhav Unhelkar

Large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong potential as agents for tool invocation due to their advanced comprehension and planning capabilities. Users increasingly rely on LLM-based agents to solve complex missions through iterative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Peijie Yu , Yifan Yang , Jinjian Li , Zelong Zhang , Haorui Wang , Xiao Feng , Feng Zhang

Owing to recent advancements, Large Language Models (LLMs) can now be deployed as agents for increasingly complex decision-making applications in areas including robotics, gaming, and API integration. However, reflecting past experiences in…

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant advances in the field of natural language processing, but they still face challenges such as continuous decision-making, lack of long-term memory, and limited context windows in dynamic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xuechen Liang , Meiling Tao , Yinghui Xia , Jianhui Wang , Kun Li , Yijin Wang , Jingsong Yang , Tianyu Shi , Yuantao Wang , Miao Zhang , Xueqian Wang

Recent years have witnessed significant advances in reinforcement learning (RL), which has registered great success in solving various sequential decision-making problems in machine learning. Most of the successful RL applications, e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Kaiqing Zhang , Zhuoran Yang , Tamer Başar

With the recent development of natural language generation models - termed as large language models (LLMs) - a potential use case has opened up to improve the way that humans interact with robot assistants. These LLMs should be able to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Mitchell Rosser , Marc. G Carmichael

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across diverse domains, yet they still encounter challenges such as insufficient domain-specific knowledge, biases, and hallucinations. This underscores the need for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Hongliu Cao , Ilias Driouich , Robin Singh , Eoin Thomas

The long-standing vision of intelligent cities is to create efficient, livable, and sustainable urban environments using big data and artificial intelligence technologies. Recently, the advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has opened new…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Jindong Han , Yansong Ning , Zirui Yuan , Hang Ni , Fan Liu , Tengfei Lyu , Hao Liu

Recent breakthroughs in Large Language Models (LLMs) have led to the emergence of agentic AI systems that extend beyond the capabilities of standalone models. By empowering LLMs to perceive external environments, integrate multimodal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-24 Chengkai Huang , Junda Wu , Yu Xia , Zixu Yu , Ruhan Wang , Tong Yu , Ruiyi Zhang , Ryan A. Rossi , Branislav Kveton , Dongruo Zhou , Julian McAuley , Lina Yao

Leveraging multiple large language model (LLM) agents has shown to be a promising approach for tackling complex tasks, while the effective design of multiple agents for a particular application remains an art. It is thus intriguing to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Linxin Song , Jiale Liu , Jieyu Zhang , Shaokun Zhang , Ao Luo , Shijian Wang , Qingyun Wu , Chi Wang

Many scenarios in mobility and traffic involve multiple different agents that need to cooperate to find a joint solution. Recent advances in behavioral planning use Reinforcement Learning to find effective and performant behavior…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-03 Lukas M. Schmidt , Johanna Brosig , Axel Plinge , Bjoern M. Eskofier , Christopher Mutschler

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown exceptional results on current benchmarks when working individually. The advancement in their capabilities, along with a reduction in parameter size and inference times, has facilitated the use of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Alfonso Amayuelas , Xianjun Yang , Antonis Antoniades , Wenyue Hua , Liangming Pan , William Wang

Computational experiments have emerged as a valuable method for studying complex systems, involving the algorithmization of counterfactuals. However, accurately representing real social systems in Agent-based Modeling (ABM) is challenging…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Qun Ma , Xiao Xue , Deyu Zhou , Xiangning Yu , Donghua Liu , Xuwen Zhang , Zihan Zhao , Yifan Shen , Peilin Ji , Juanjuan Li , Gang Wang , Wanpeng Ma

We consider the problem of robust multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) for cooperative communication and coordination tasks. MARL agents, mainly those trained in a centralized way, can be brittle because they can adopt policies that…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-12-16 T. van der Heiden , C. Salge , E. Gavves , H. van Hoof