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The ground state of the bilayer Kitaev model with the Heisenberg-type interlayer exchange interaction is investigated by means of the exact diagonalization. Calculating the ground-state energy, local quantity defined on each plaquette, and…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-05-24 Hiroyuki Tomishige , Joji Nasu , Akihisa Koga

Contrary to the original expectation, Na$_2$IrO$_3$ is not a Kitaev's quantum spin liquid (QSL) but shows a zig-zag-type antiferromagnetic order in experiments. Here we propose experimental clues and criteria to measure how a material in…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-06-01 Youhei Yamaji , Takafumi Suzuki , Takuto Yamada , Sei-ichiro Suga , Naoki Kawashima , Masatoshi Imada

The quantum spin liquid states as a natural ground state of the Kitaev model has led to a quest for new materials candidates hosting Kitaev physics. Yet, there are very few material candidates in this category. Using a combination of $ab$…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-03-29 Shishir Kumar Pandey , Qiangqiang Gu , Yihao Lin , Rajarshi Tiwari , Ji Feng

The Kitaev model, characterized by bond-dependent Ising spin interactions among spin-orbit entangled dipole moments in Mott insulators, offered a new approach to quantum spin liquids. Motivated by another type of bond-dependent interaction…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2023-03-08 Ahmed Rayyan , Derek Churchill , Hae-Young Kee

We investigate the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg model on the triangular lattice in the presence of nearest-neighbor $J_1$ and next-nearest-neighbor $J_2$ antiferromagnetic couplings. Motivated by recent findings from density-matrix…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2016-04-12 Yasir Iqbal , Wen-Jun Hu , Ronny Thomale , Didier Poilblanc , Federico Becca

Two-dimensional honeycomb antiferromagnet becomes an important class of materials as it can provide a route to Kitaev quantum spin liquid, characterized by massive quantum entanglement and fractional excitations. The signatures of its…

H3LiIr2O6 is the first honeycomb-lattice system without any signs of long-range magnetic order down to the lowest temperatures, raising the hope for the realization of an ideal Kitaev quantum spin liquid. Its honeycomb layers are coupled by…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-05-13 K. Geirhos , P. Lunkenheimer , M. Blankenhorn , R. Claus , Y. Matsumoto , K. Kitagawa , T. Takayama , H. Takagi , I. Kézsmárki , A. Loidl

The Kitaev model belongs to an unconventional class of two-dimensional spin systems characterized by anisotropic, bond-dependent interactions that give rise to Quantum Spin Liquid (QSL) states. These exotic phases, marked by the absence of…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-29 A. R. Moura , L. V. Santos

The exactly solvable spin-1/2 Kitaev model on a honeycomb lattice has drawn significant interest, as it offers a pathway to realizing the long-sought after quantum spin liquid. Building upon the Kitaev model, Yao and Lee introduced another…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-03-12 Derek Churchill , Emily Z. Zhang , Hae-Young Kee

In addition to low-energy spin fluctuations, which distinguish them from band insulators, Mott insulators often possess orbital degrees of freedom when crystal-field levels are partially filled. While in most situations spins and orbitals…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2012-11-28 P. Corboz , M. Lajkó , A. M. Läuchli , K. Penc , F. Mila

A range of honeycomb-lattice compounds has been proposed and investigated in the search for a topological Kitaev spin liquid. However, sizable Heisenberg interactions and additional symmetry-allowed exchange anisotropies in the magnetic…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2018-10-18 Ravi Yadav , Stephan Rachel , Liviu Hozoi , Jeroen van den Brink , George Jackeli

Recently two interesting candidate quantum phases --- the chiral spin density wave state featuring anomalous quantum Hall effect and the d+id superconductor --- were proposed for the Hubbard model on the honeycomb lattice at 1/4 doping.…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2014-09-17 Shenghan Jiang , Andrej Mesaros , Ying Ran

Topological spin liquids in two spatial dimensions are stable phases in the presence of a small magnetic field, but may give way to field-induced phenomena at intermediate field strengths. Sandwiched between the low-field spin liquid…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2021-02-17 Ciarán Hickey , Matthias Gohlke , Christoph Berke , Simon Trebst

Recently there has been a great interest in understanding quantum spin liquid phases with varying spin magnitude, partly due to possible material realizations. A number of recent numerical computations suggest that the ground state of the…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2020-08-31 Hyun-Yong Lee , Naoki Kawashima , Yong Baek Kim

Nearly two decades ago, Alexei Kitaev proposed a model for spin-$1/2$ particles with bond-directional interactions on a two-dimensional honeycomb lattice which had the potential to host a quantum spin-liquid ground state. This work…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-01-19 Faranak Bahrami , Mykola Abramchuk , Oleg I. Lebedev , Fazel Tafti

Building on the recent advancements on moir\'e superlattices, we propose an exactly solvable model with Kitaev-type interactions on a bilayer honeycomb lattice for both AA stacking and moir\'e superlattices. Using Monte Carlo simulations…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2025-12-10 Ivan Dutta , Anamitra Mukherjee , Onur Erten , Kush Saha

The exactly solvable Kitaev model on the honeycomb lattice has recently received enormous attention linked to the hope of achieving novel spin-liquid states with fractionalized Majorana-like excitations. In this review, we analyze the…

Kitaev magnets have emerged as pivotal systems for investigating frustrated magnetism, providing a unique platform to explore quantum phases governed by the interplay between bond-dependent anisotropy and external magnetic fields. However,…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2026-01-13 Shuai Liu , Hao Wu , Jinbin Li , Xiaoqun Wang , Qiang Luo

Despite the exciting implications of the Kitaev spin-Hamiltonian, finding and confirming the quantum spin liquid state has proven incredibly difficult. Recently the applicability of the model has been expanded through the development of a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2022-09-23 K. M. Taddei , V. O. Garlea , A. M. Samarakoon , L. D. Sanjeewa , J. Xing , T. W. Heitmann , C. dela Cruz , A. S. Sefat , D. Parker

The Kitaev model with an applied magnetic field in the $H||[111]$ direction shows two transitions: from a non-abelian gapped quantum spin liquid (QSL) to a gapless QSL at $H_{c1} \simeq 0.2K$ and a second transition at a higher field…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2019-06-11 Niravkumar D. Patel , Nandini Trivedi