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Natural language processing evaluation has made significant progress, largely driven by the proliferation of powerful large language mod-els (LLMs). New evaluation benchmarks are of increasing priority as the reasoning capabilities of LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Joseph J. Peper , Wenzhao Qiu , Ali Payani , Lu Wang

Malicious accounts spreading misinformation has led to widespread false and misleading narratives in recent times, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, and social media platforms struggle to eliminate these contents rapidly. This is…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Karishma Sharma , Emilio Ferrara , Yan Liu

This paper introduces SynthDoc, a novel synthetic document generation pipeline designed to enhance Visual Document Understanding (VDU) by generating high-quality, diverse datasets that include text, images, tables, and charts. Addressing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Chuanghao Ding , Xuejing Liu , Wei Tang , Juan Li , Xiaoliang Wang , Rui Zhao , Cam-Tu Nguyen , Fei Tan

While large language models (LLMs) bring not only performance but also complexity, recent work has started to turn LLMs into data generators rather than task inferencers, where another affordable task model is trained for efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-24 Jiacheng Ye , Chengzu Li , Lingpeng Kong , Tao Yu

Synthetic tabular data are increasingly being used to replace real data, serving as an effective solution that simultaneously protects privacy and addresses data scarcity. However, in addition to preserving global statistical properties,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yunbo Long , Liming Xu , Alexandra Brintrup

Domain-specific Visually Rich Document Understanding (VRDU) presents significant challenges due to the complexity and sensitivity of documents in fields such as medicine, finance, and material science. Existing Large (Multimodal) Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yihao Ding , Soyeon Caren Han , Yanbei Jiang , Yan Li , Zechuan Li , Yifan Peng

Large Language Models (LLMs) generate realistic synthetic data but offer no guarantee that their outputs respect the causal mechanisms governing the target domain. We introduce CausalSynth, a framework that decouples causal structure…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zehua Cheng , Wei Dai , Jiahao Sun , Thomas Lukasiewicz

Recent developments in large language models (LLMs) have shown promise in their ability to generate synthetic query-document pairs by prompting with as few as 8 demonstrations. This has enabled building better IR models, especially for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Aditi Chaudhary , Karthik Raman , Michael Bendersky

Research on online social networks (OSNs) is often hindered by platform opacity, limited access to data, and ethical constraints. Simulation offer a valuable alternative, but existing frameworks frequently lack realism and explainability.…

The artificial intelligence (AI) world is running out of real data for training increasingly large generative models, resulting in accelerating pressure to train on synthetic data. Unfortunately, training new generative models with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-30 Sina Alemohammad , Ahmed Imtiaz Humayun , Shruti Agarwal , John Collomosse , Richard Baraniuk

Synthetic data augmentation helps language models learn new knowledge in data-constrained domains. However, naively scaling existing synthetic data methods by training on more synthetic tokens or using stronger generators yields diminishing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Seungju Han , Konwoo Kim , Chanwoo Park , Benjamin Newman , Suhas Kotha , Jaehun Jung , James Zou , Yejin Choi

Recent advancements in Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities across various multimodal tasks. They continue, however, to struggle with trivial scenarios such as reading values from Digital…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 João Valente , Atabak Dehban , Rodrigo Ventura

Pre-trained vision-language models have exhibited remarkable abilities in detecting out-of-distribution (OOD) samples. However, some challenging OOD samples, which lie close to in-distribution (InD) data in image feature space, can still…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Jinglun Li , Kaixun Jiang , Zhaoyu Chen , Bo Lin , Yao Tang , Weifeng Ge , Wenqiang Zhang

Medical image segmentation suffers from data scarcity, particularly in polyp detection where annotation requires specialized expertise. We present SynDiff, a framework combining text-guided synthetic data generation with efficient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Muhammad Aqeel , Maham Nazir , Zanxi Ruan , Francesco Setti

Synthetic data is widely adopted in embedding models to ensure diversity in training data distributions across dimensions such as difficulty, length, and language. However, existing prompt-based synthesis methods struggle to capture…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Haoran Li , Zhiming Su , Junyan Yao , Enwei Zhang , Yang Ji , Yan Chen , Kan Zhou , Chao Feng , Jiao Ran

Language Models (LMs) continue to advance, improving response quality and coherence. Given Internet-scale training datasets, LMs have likely encountered much of what users may ask them to generate in some form during their training. A…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Michael Majurski , Cynthia Matuszek

Synthetic data offers a promising path to train models while preserving data privacy. Differentially private (DP) finetuning of large language models (LLMs) as data generator is effective, but is impractical when computation resources are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Bowen Tan , Zheng Xu , Eric Xing , Zhiting Hu , Shanshan Wu

In this paper, we present an effective data augmentation framework leveraging the Large Language Model (LLM) and Diffusion Model (DM) to tackle the challenges inherent in data-scarce scenarios. Recently, DMs have opened up the possibility…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Kyuheon Jung , Yongdeuk Seo , Seongwoo Cho , Jaeyoung Kim , Hyun-seok Min , Sungchul Choi

A major barrier to developing vision large language models (LLMs) in dermatology is the lack of large image--text pairs dataset. We introduce DermaSynth, a dataset comprising of 92,020 synthetic image--text pairs curated from 45,205 images…

Each year, hundreds of clinical trials are conducted to evaluate new medical interventions, but sharing patient records from these trials with other institutions can be challenging due to privacy concerns and federal regulations. To help…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Trisha Das , Zifeng Wang , Afrah Shafquat , Mandis Beigi , Jason Mezey , Jacob Aptekar , Jimeng Sun