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A generalization to the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary term for metric $f(R)$ gravity theories is introduced. A redefinition of the Gibbons-Hawking-York term is proposed. The proposed new definition is used to derive a consistent set of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-05-13 Ahmed Alhamzawi , Rahim Alhamzawi

Motivated by establishing holographic renormalization for gravitational theories with non-metricity and torsion, we present a new and efficient general method for calculating Gibbons-Hawking-York (GHY) terms. Our method consists of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2023-05-03 Johanna Erdmenger , Bastian Heß , Ioannis Matthaiakakis , René Meyer

In this paper we wish to find the corresponding Gibbons-Hawking-York term for the most general quadratic in curvature gravity by using Coframe slicing within the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) decomposition of spacetime in four dimensions. In…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-09-21 Ali Teimouri , Spyridon Talaganis , James Edholm , Anupam Mazumdar

The Gibbons-Hawking-York (GHY) boundary term makes the Dirichlet problem for gravity well defined, but no such general term seems to be known for Neumann boundary conditions. In this paper, we view Neumann {\em not} as fixing the normal…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2017-05-24 Chethan Krishnan , Avinash Raju

We discuss the criteria that must be satisfied by a well-posed variational principle. We clarify the role of Gibbons-Hawking-York type boundary terms in the actions of higher derivative models of gravity, such as F(R) gravity, and argue…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-28 Ethan Dyer , Kurt Hinterbichler

In this work we study the problem of generalizing the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary terms for general quadratic theories of gravity and propose a simple condition to obtain them. From these terms we derive the junction conditions for a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-10 Marcos A. Ramirez , Cristián Martínez

Using a completely covariant approach, we discuss the role of boundary conditions (BCs) and the corresponding Gibbons--Hawking--York (GHY) terms in $ \mathit{f}(\mathit{R}) $-gravity in arbitrary dimensions. We show that $ f(\mathit{R})…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-01-01 H. Khodabakhshi , F. Shojai , A. Shirzad

It is well-known that the presence of a spacetime boundary requires the conventional Einstein-Hilbert (EH) action to be supplemented by the Gibbons-Hawking (GH) boundary term in order to retain the standard variational procedure. When the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-07-23 Gregory Gabadadze , David Pirtskhalava

We propose a boundary action to complement the recently developed duality manifest actions in string and M-theory using generalized geometry. This boundary action combines the Gibbons-Hawking term with boundary pieces that were previously…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-05-30 David S. Berman , Edvard T. Musaev , Malcolm J. Perry

We derive the most general junction conditions for the fourth-order brane gravity constructed of arbitrary functions of curvature invariants. We reduce these fourth-order theories to second order theories at the expense of introducing new…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2010-12-09 Adam Balcerzak , Mariusz P. Dabrowski

The main goal of this paper is to get in a straightforward form the field equations in metric f(R) gravity, using elementary variational principles and adding a boundary term in the action, instead of the usual treatment in an equivalent…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-30 Alejandro Guarnizo , Leonardo Castaneda , Juan M. Tejeiro

It is common knowledge that the Einstein-Hilbert action does not furnish a well-posed variational principle. The usual solution to this problem is to add an extra boundary term to the action, called a counter-term, so that the variational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-07-15 Krishnamohan Parattu , Sumanta Chakraborty , T. Padmanabhan

General relativity is highly successful in explaining a wide range of gravitational phenomena including the gravitational waves emitted by binary systems and the shadows cast by supermassive black holes. From a modern perspective the theory…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-07-26 Jesse Daas , Cristobal Laporte , Frank Saueressig , Tim van Dijk

General relativity (GR) as described in terms of curvature by the Einstein-Hilbert action is dynamically equivalent to theories of gravity formulated in terms of spacetime torsion or non-metricity. This forms what is called the geometrical…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-09-05 Johanna Erdmenger , Bastian Heß , Ioannis Matthaiakakis , René Meyer

In this review paper we present some basic notions about f(R) theories of gravity and some simple cosmological models derived from it. We first make an introduction to General Relativity (GR), followed by the discussion of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-03-20 Ciprian A. Sporea

Constructing a well-posed variational principle is a non-trivial issue in general relativity. For spacelike and timelike boundaries, one knows that the addition of the Gibbons-Hawking-York (GHY) counter-term will make the variational…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-08-02 Krishnamohan Parattu , Sumanta Chakraborty , Bibhas Ranjan Majhi , T. Padmanabhan

In the derivation of the Einstein field equations via Hamilton's principle, the inclusion of a boundary term is essential to render the variational problem well-posed, as it addresses variations that do not vanish at the boundary of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-06-04 Ángel Cuevas , Javier Chagoya , C. Ortiz

We provide an account of the issue of Gibbons-Hawking-York-like boundary terms for a gravity theory defined on a Riemman-Cartan spacetime. We further discuss different criteria for introducing boundary terms in some familiar first-order…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2025-01-09 Dušan Đorđević , Dragoljub Gočanin

Higher derivative theory is one of the important models of quantum gravity, renormalizable and asymptotically free within the standard perturbative approach. We consider the $4-\epsilon$ renormalization group for this theory, an approach…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2011-08-17 Guilherme de Berredo-Peixoto , Ilya L. Shapiro

Considering a generalization of the Gibbons-Hawking-York covariant boundary action that depends on both the extrinsic and the intrinsic geometry of the boundary, we derive boundary conditions for the cosmological background and tensor…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-05-26 David Brizuela , Marco de Cesare
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