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For most of the anchor-based detectors, Intersection over Union(IoU) is widely utilized to assign targets for the anchors during training. However, IoU pays insufficient attention to the closeness of the anchor's center to the truth box's…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-26 Shengkai Wu , Jinrong Yang , Hangcheng Yu , Lijun Gou , Xiaoping Li

3D object detection is essential for autonomous driving. As an emerging sensor, 4D imaging radar offers advantages as low cost, long-range detection, and accurate velocity measurement, making it highly suitable for object detection.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Xiaozhi Li , Huijun Di , Jian Li , Feng Liu , Wei Liang

The availability of many real-world driving datasets is a key reason behind the recent progress of object detection algorithms in autonomous driving. However, there exist ambiguity or even failures in object labels due to error-prone…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Di Feng , Zining Wang , Yiyang Zhou , Lars Rosenbaum , Fabian Timm , Klaus Dietmayer , Masayoshi Tomizuka , Wei Zhan

The accuracy of deep learning methods for two foundational tasks in medical image analysis -- detection and segmentation -- can suffer from class imbalance. We propose a `switching loss' function that adaptively shifts the emphasis between…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Deepak Anand , Gaurav Patel , Yaman Dang , Amit Sethi

We present the design of a low-cost wheeled mobile robot, and an analytical model for predicting its motion under the influence of motor torques and friction forces. Using our proposed model, we show how to analytically compute the gradient…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Yanshi Luo , Abdeslam Boularias , Mridul Aanjaneya

In one-stage multi-object detection tasks, various intersection over union (IoU)-based solutions aim at smooth and stable convergence near the targets during training. However, IoU-based losses fail to correctly update the gradient of small…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Dian Ning , Dong Seog Han

3D object detection is a key module for safety-critical robotics applications such as autonomous driving. For these applications, we care most about how the detections affect the ego-agent's behavior and safety (the egocentric perspective).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-16 Boyang Deng , Charles R. Qi , Mahyar Najibi , Thomas Funkhouser , Yin Zhou , Dragomir Anguelov

Vision-based estimation of the motion of a moving target is usually formulated as a bearing-only estimation problem where the visual measurement is modeled as a bearing vector. Although the bearing-only approach has been studied for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Zian Ning , Yin Zhang , Jianan Li , Zhang Chen , Shiyu Zhao

Detecting small, densely distributed objects is a significant challenge: small objects often contain less distinctive information compared to larger ones, and finer-grained precision of bounding box boundaries are required. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-08 Zhenhua Chen , David Crandall , Robert Templeman

Recent multi-camera 3D object detectors usually leverage temporal information to construct multi-view stereo that alleviates the ill-posed depth estimation. However, they typically assume all the objects are static and directly aggregate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Qing Lian , Tai Wang , Dahua Lin , Jiangmiao Pang

Most existing 3D object recognition algorithms focus on leveraging the strong discriminative power of deep learning models with softmax loss for the classification of 3D data, while learning discriminative features with deep metric learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-03-19 Xinwei He , Yang Zhou , Zhichao Zhou , Song Bai , Xiang Bai

In multi-object detection using neural networks, the fundamental problem is, "How should the network learn a variable number of bounding boxes in different input images?". Previous methods train a multi-object detection network through a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Jaeyoung Yoo , Hojun Lee , Inseop Chung , Geonseok Seo , Nojun Kwak

Moving Object Detection (MOD) is an important task for achieving robust autonomous driving. An autonomous vehicle has to estimate collision risk with other interacting objects in the environment and calculate an optional trajectory.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-02 Marie Yahiaoui , Hazem Rashed , Letizia Mariotti , Ganesh Sistu , Ian Clancy , Lucie Yahiaoui , Varun Ravi Kumar , Senthil Yogamani

Most of existing correlation filter-based tracking approaches only estimate simple axis-aligned bounding boxes, and very few of them is capable of recovering the underlying similarity transformation. To tackle this challenging problem, in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-11-08 Yang Li , Jianke Zhu , Steven C. H. Hoi , Wenjie Song , Zhefeng Wang , Hantang Liu

Detecting small and distant objects remains challenging for object detectors due to scale variation, low resolution, and background clutter. Safety-critical applications require reliable detection of these objects for safe planning. Depth…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Moussa Kassem Sbeyti , Nadja Klein

Although two-stage object detectors have continuously advanced the state-of-the-art performance in recent years, the training process itself is far from crystal. In this work, we first point out the inconsistency problem between the fixed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-28 Hongkai Zhang , Hong Chang , Bingpeng Ma , Naiyan Wang , Xilin Chen

Challenges in remote sensing object detection(RSOD), such as high interclass similarity, imbalanced foreground-background distribution, and the small size of objects in remote sensing images, significantly hinder detection accuracy.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Yujie Lei , Wenjie Sun , Sen Jia , Qingquan Li , Jie Zhang

Objects in aerial images are typically embedded in complex backgrounds and exhibit arbitrary orientations. When employing oriented bounding boxes (OBB) to represent arbitrary oriented objects, the periodicity of angles could lead to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Mingkui Feng , Hancheng Yu , Xiaoyu Dang , Ming Zhou

The loss function is crucial to machine learning, especially in supervised learning frameworks. It is a fundamental component that controls the behavior and general efficacy of learning algorithms. However, despite their widespread use,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Soumi Mahato , Lineesh M. C

For applications in navigation and robotics, estimating the 3D pose of objects is as important as detection. Many approaches to pose estimation rely on detecting or tracking parts or keypoints [11, 21]. In this paper we build on a recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-09-20 Patrick Poirson , Phil Ammirato , Cheng-Yang Fu , Wei Liu , Jana Kosecka , Alexander C. Berg