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Related papers: DEBATE: Devil's Advocate-Based Assessment and Text…

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Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled at language understanding and generating human-level text. However, even with supervised training and human alignment, these LLMs are susceptible to adversarial attacks where malicious users can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Shachi H Kumar , Saurav Sahay , Sahisnu Mazumder , Eda Okur , Ramesh Manuvinakurike , Nicole Beckage , Hsuan Su , Hung-yi Lee , Lama Nachman

We introduce AgenticSimLaw, a role-structured, multi-agent debate framework that provides transparent and controllable test-time reasoning for high-stakes tabular decision-making tasks. Unlike black-box approaches, our courtroom-style…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Jon Chun , Kathrine Elkins , Yong Suk Lee

This paper presents a benchmark self-evolving framework to dynamically evaluate rapidly advancing Large Language Models (LLMs), aiming for a more accurate assessment of their capabilities and limitations. We utilize a multi-agent system to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Siyuan Wang , Zhuohan Long , Zhihao Fan , Zhongyu Wei , Xuanjing Huang

Multi-agent debate (MAD) has demonstrated the ability to augment collective intelligence by scaling test-time compute and leveraging expertise. Current frameworks for multi-agent debate are often designed towards tool use, lack integrated…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jonas Becker , Lars Benedikt Kaesberg , Niklas Bauer , Jan Philip Wahle , Terry Ruas , Bela Gipp

Evaluating the quality of open-domain chatbots has become increasingly reliant on LLMs acting as automatic judges. However, existing meta-evaluation benchmarks are static, outdated, and lacking in multilingual coverage, limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-23 John Mendonça , Alon Lavie , Isabel Trancoso

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs), has opened exciting possibilities for constructing computational simulations designed to replicate human behavior accurately. Current research suggests that LLM-based agents become increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Amir Taubenfeld , Yaniv Dover , Roi Reichart , Ariel Goldstein

To improve the reasoning and question-answering capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs), several multi-agent approaches have been introduced. While these methods enhance performance, the application of collective intelligence-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Ciaran Regan , Alexandre Gournail , Mizuki Oka

Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise as data analysis agents, but existing benchmarks overlook the iterative nature of the field, where experts' decisions evolve with deeper insights of the dataset. To address this, we introduce…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Hanyu Li , Haoyu Liu , Tingyu Zhu , Tianyu Guo , Zeyu Zheng , Xiaotie Deng , Michael I. Jordan

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to simulate social behaviour, yet their political biases and interaction dynamics in debates remain underexplored. We investigate how LLM type and agent gender attributes influence…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-16 Aishwarya Bandaru , Fabian Bindley , Trevor Bluth , Nandini Chavda , Baixu Chen , Ethan Law

Nowadays, single Large Language Model (LLM) struggles with critical issues such as hallucination and inadequate reasoning abilities. To mitigate these issues, Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has emerged as an effective strategy, where LLM agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Yiliu Sun , Zicheng Zhao , Sheng Wan , Chen Gong

Background: Cognitive biases in clinical decision-making significantly contribute to errors in diagnosis and suboptimal patient outcomes. Addressing these biases presents a formidable challenge in the medical field. Objective: This study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-14 Yu He Ke , Rui Yang , Sui An Lie , Taylor Xin Yi Lim , Hairil Rizal Abdullah , Daniel Shu Wei Ting , Nan Liu

As large language models (LLMs) grow in capability and autonomy, evaluating their outputs-especially in open-ended and complex tasks-has become a critical bottleneck. A new paradigm is emerging: using AI agents as the evaluators themselves.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-06 Fangyi Yu

The reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs) have been substantially improved by reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR). At test time, collaborative reasoning through Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has emerged as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chenxi Liu , Yanshuo Chen , Ruibo Chen , Tianyi Xiong , Tong Zheng , Heng Huang

Common methods for aligning large language models (LLMs) with desired behaviour heavily rely on human-labelled data. However, as models grow increasingly sophisticated, they will surpass human expertise, and the role of human evaluation…

While multi-agent debate has been proposed as a promising strategy for improving AI reasoning ability, we find that debate can sometimes be harmful rather than helpful. Prior work has primarily focused on debates within homogeneous groups…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Andrea Wynn , Harsh Satija , Gillian Hadfield

LLMs have shown the capacity to improve their performance on reasoning tasks through reflecting on their mistakes, and acting with these reflections in mind. However, continual reflections of the same LLM onto itself exhibit degeneration of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Onat Ozer , Grace Wu , Yuchen Wang , Daniel Dosti , Honghao Zhang , Vivi De La Rue

LLM alignment has progressed in single-agent settings through paradigms such as RL with human feedback (RLHF), while recent work explores scalable alternatives such as RL with AI feedback (RLAIF) and dynamic alignment objectives. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Panatchakorn Anantaprayoon , Nataliia Babina , Nima Asgharbeygi , Jad Tarifi

Implicit Attribute Value Extraction (AVE) is essential for accurately representing products in e-commerce, as it infers latent attributes from multimodal data. Despite advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs), implicit AVE…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Wei-Chieh Huang , Cornelia Caragea

Multi-agent debate (MAD) has gained significant attention as a promising line of research to improve the factual accuracy and reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Despite its conceptual appeal, current MAD research…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Hangfan Zhang , Zhiyao Cui , Jianhao Chen , Xinrun Wang , Qiaosheng Zhang , Zhen Wang , Dinghao Wu , Shuyue Hu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) gain expertise across diverse domains and modalities, scalable oversight becomes increasingly challenging, particularly when their capabilities may surpass human evaluators. Debate has emerged as a promising…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Ashutosh Adhikari , Mirella Lapata