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Quantum networks offer a unifying set of opportunities and challenges across exciting intellectual and technical frontiers, including for quantum computation, communication, and metrology. The realization of quantum networks composed of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 H. J. Kimble

Quantum machine learning has emerged as a promising application domain for near-term quantum hardware, particularly through hybrid quantum-classical models that leverage both classical and quantum processing. Although numerous hybrid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Dominik Freinberger , Philipp Moser

The complementary features of different qubit platforms for computing and communicating impose an intrinsic hardware heterogeneity in any quantum network, where nodes, while processing and storing quantum information, must also communicate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-14 Marcello Caleffi , Laura d'Avossa , Xu Han , Angela Sara Cacciapuoti

Quantum walks provide a natural framework to approach graph problems with quantum computers, exhibiting speedups over their classical counterparts for tasks such as the search for marked nodes or the prediction of missing links.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-27 Duarte Magano , João Moutinho , Bruno Coutinho

The second quantum revolution brings with it the promise of a quantum internet. As the first quantum network hardware prototypes near completion new challenges emerge. A functional network is more than just the physical hardware, yet work…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Wojciech Kozlowski , Axel Dahlberg , Stephanie Wehner

A future quantum network will consist of quantum processors that are connected by quantum channels, just like conventional computers are wired up to form the Internet. In contrast to classical devices, however, the entanglement and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-28 Andreas Reiserer

Quantum network protocol development is crucial to realizing a production-grade network that can support distributed sensing, secure communication, and utility-scale quantum computation. However, the transition from laboratory demonstration…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 Robert J. Hayek , Joaquin Chung , Rajkumar Kettimuthu

Modular architectures are a promising approach to scaling quantum computers beyond the limits of monolithic designs. However, non-local communications between different quantum processors might significantly impact overall system…

We present a continuous-time, neural-network-based approach to optimal control in quantum systems, with a focus on pulse engineering for quantum gates. Leveraging the framework of neural ordinary differential equations, we construct control…

Quantum networking at many scales will be critical to future quantum technologies and experiments on quantum systems. Photonic links enable quantum networking. They will connect co-located quantum processors to enable large-scale quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-03-21 Jason Saied , Jeffrey Marshall , Namit Anand , Shon Grabbe , Eleanor G. Rieffel

In the coming years, quantum networks will allow quantum applications to thrive thanks to the new opportunities offered by end-to-end entanglement of qubits on remote hosts via quantum repeaters. On a geographical scale, this will lead to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-01 Claudio Cicconetti , Marco Conti , Andrea Passarella

We define some of the programming and system-level challenges facing the application of quantum processing to high-performance computing. Alongside barriers to physical integration, prominent differences in the execution of quantum and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-06 Keith A. Britt , Fahd A. Mohiyaddin , Travis S. Humble

The increasing demands for computing performance have been a reality regardless of the requirements for smaller and more energy efficient devices. Throughout the years, the strategy adopted by industry was to increase the robustness of a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Hugo Andrade , Ivica Crnkovic

Quantum information technology is set to transform critical network security using quantum cryptography, and complex scientific and engineering simulations with quantum computing. Quantum computer nodes may be based on a variety of systems,…

Current quantum programs are mostly synthesized and compiled on the gate-level, where quantum circuits are composed of quantum gates. The gate-level workflow, however, introduces significant redundancy when quantum gates are eventually…

Quantum networks distributed over distances greater than a few kilometers will be limited by the time required for information to propagate between nodes. We analyze protocols that are able to circumvent this bottleneck by employing…

The development of scalable quantum networks requires coherent interfaces capable of converting microwave photons used in superconducting quantum processors into optical photons suitable for long-distance fiber transmission. This review…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-27 Tarvir Anjum Aditto , Jaiyan Sadid Ifty , Khondokar Zahin

Recent developments in nanoscale experimental techniques made it possible to utilize single molecule junctions as devices for electronics and energy transfer with quantum coherence playing an important role in their thermoelectric…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-03-12 Feng Chen , Yi Gao , Michael Galperin

The effects arising from the inherent continuous-mode nature of photonic pulses were poorly understood but significantly influence the performance of quantum devices employing photonic pulse interaction in nonlinear media. Such effects…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-04-25 Bing He , Artur Scherer

Single photons are the flying qubits of choice for distributing entanglement in a quantum internet. Quantum memories embedded in quantum repeaters are crucial to overcome transmission loss and enhance the rate of quantum communication. A…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-03 H. -X Luo , C. Li , J. -L. Ren , Y. Yuan , Y. -L. Wen , J. -F. Li , Y. -F. Wang , S. -C. Zhang , H. Yan , S. -L. Zhu