English
Related papers

Related papers: Trajectory-Based Individualized Treatment Rules

200 papers

The call for patient-focused drug development is loud and clear, as expressed in the 21st Century Cures Act and in recent guidelines and initiatives of regulatory agencies. Among the factors contributing to modernized drug development and…

Mixed Models for Repeated Measures (MMRMs) are ubiquitous when analyzing outcomes of clinical trials. However, the linearity of the fixed-effect structure in these models largely restrict their use to estimating treatment effects that are…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-23 Lars Lau Raket

An individualized decision rule (IDR) is a decision function that assigns each individual a given treatment based on his/her observed characteristics. Most of the existing works in the literature consider settings with binary or finitely…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-01-31 Hengrui Cai , Chengchun Shi , Rui Song , Wenbin Lu

Effect modification occurs while the effect of the treatment is not homogeneous across the different strata of patient characteristics. When the effect of treatment may vary from individual to individual, precision medicine can be improved…

Public policies and medical interventions often involve dynamic treatment assignments, in which individuals receive a sequence of interventions over multiple stages. We study the statistical learning of optimal dynamic treatment regimes…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-21 Shosei Sakaguchi

The estimation of individual treatment effects (ITE) focuses on predicting the outcome changes that result from a change in treatment. A fundamental challenge in observational data is that while we need to infer outcome differences under…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Zichuan Lin , Xiaokai Huang , Jiate Liu , Yuxuan Han , Jia Chen , Xiapeng Wu , Deheng Ye

We study the problem of learning to choose from m discrete treatment options (e.g., news item or medical drug) the one with best causal effect for a particular instance (e.g., user or patient) where the training data consists of passive…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-08-02 Nathan Kallus

We develop and evaluate tolerance interval methods for dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) that can provide more detailed prognostic information to patients who will follow an estimated optimal regime. Although the problem of constructing…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-04-26 Daniel J. Lizotte , Arezoo Tahmasebi

Electronic Health Records present a valuable modality for driving personalized medicine, where treatment is tailored to fit individual-level differences. For this purpose, many data-driven machine learning and statistical models rely on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Ghadeer O. Ghosheh , Jin Li , Tingting Zhu

Analysis of longitudinal randomised controlled trials is frequently complicated because patients deviate from the protocol. Where such deviations are relevant for the estimand, we are typically required to make an untestable assumption…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-05-16 Suzie Cro , James R Carpenter , Michael G Kenward

Individualized treatment rules/recommendations (ITRs) aim to improve patient outcomes by tailoring treatments to the characteristics of each individual. However, when there are many treatment groups, existing methods face significant…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-05-27 Ke Zhu , Jianing Chu , Ilya Lipkovich , Wenyu Ye , Shu Yang

Estimating heterogeneous treatment effects is a well-studied topic in the statistics literature. More recently, it has regained attention due to an increasing need for precision medicine as well as the increased use of state-of-art machine…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-10-05 Zhongyuan Chen , Jun Xie

Clinical trials in specific indications require the administration of rescue medication in case a patient does not sufficiently respond to investigational treatment. The application of additional treatment on an as needed basis causes…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-08-30 Gerd K. Rosenkranz

Real-world data (RWD) gains growing interests to provide a representative sample of the population for selecting the optimal treatment options. However, existing complex black box methods for estimating individualized treatment rules (ITR)…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-01-12 Yunshu Zhang , Shu Yang , Wendy Ye , Ilya Lipkovich , Douglas E. Faries

Single-subject health data are becoming increasingly available thanks to advances in self-tracking technology (e.g., wearable devices, mobile apps, sensors, implants). Many users and health caregivers seek to use such observational time…

Applications · Statistics 2019-01-23 Eric Jay Daza

This tutorial discusses methodology for causal inference using longitudinal modified treatment policies. This method facilitates the mathematical formalization, identification, and estimation of many novel parameters, and mathematically…

Personalized medicine has gained much popularity recently as a way of providing better healthcare by tailoring treatments to suit individuals. Our research, motivated by the UK INTERVAL blood donation trial, focuses on estimating the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-02-24 Yuejia Xu , Angela M. Wood , David J. Roberts , Brian D. M. Tom

Medication adherence is essential to ensure treatment effectiveness, but too often in routine care non-adherence compromises the desired outcome. We explore longitudinal causal modelling using observational data to estimate the time-varying…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-10 Xiaoran Liang , Deniz Türkmen , Jane A H Masoli , Luke C Pilling , Jack Bowden

Despite the importance of emphasizing the right psychotherapy treatment for an individual patient, assessing the outcome of the therapy session is equally crucial. Evidence showed that continuous monitoring patient's progress can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Noor Fazilla Abd Yusof , Chenghua Lin

Observational data have been actively used to estimate treatment effect, driven by the growing availability of electronic health records (EHRs). However, EHRs typically consist of longitudinal records, often introducing time-dependent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Junghwan Lee , Simin Ma , Nicoleta Serban , Shihao Yang