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Related papers: Trajectory-Based Individualized Treatment Rules

200 papers

Randomized controlled trials typically analyze the effectiveness of treatments with the goal of making treatment recommendations for patient subgroups. With the advance of electronic health records, a great variety of data has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Zhiliang Wu , Yinchong Yang , Yunpu Ma , Yushan Liu , Rui Zhao , Michael Moor , Volker Tresp

Individualized treatment rules, cornerstones of precision medicine, inform patient treatment decisions with the goal of optimizing patient outcomes. These rules are generally unknown functions of patients' pre-treatment covariates, meaning…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-23 Philippe Boileau , Ning Leng , Sandrine Dudoit

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) tailor treatments according to individual patient characteristics. They can significantly improve patient care and are thus becoming increasingly popular. The data collected during randomized clinical…

Methodology · Statistics 2015-06-30 Stanislav Minsker , Ying-Qi Zhao , Guang Cheng

Integrative analysis of multiple datasets for estimating optimal individualized treatment rules (ITRs) can enhance decision efficiency. A central challenge is posterior shift, wherein the conditional distribution of potential outcomes given…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-09 Wenhai Cui , Wen Su , Xingqiu Zhao

Precision medicine incorporates patient-level covariates to tailor treatment decisions, seeking to improve outcomes. In longitudinal studies with time-varying covariates and sequential treatment decisions, precision medicine can be…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-05 Dylan Spicker , Michael Wallace

Studies often report estimates of the average treatment effect. While the ATE summarizes the effect of a treatment on average, it does not provide any information about the effect of treatment within any individual. A treatment strategy…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-06-13 Nicholas T. Williams , Katherine L. Hoffman Iván Díaz , Kara E. Rudolph

Individualized treatment rules (ITR) can improve health outcomes by recognizing that patients may respond differently to treatment and assigning therapy with the most desirable predicted outcome for each individual. Flexible and efficient…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-09-25 Brent R. Logan , Rodney Sparapani , Robert E. McCulloch , Purushottam W. Laud

In many important applications of precision medicine, the outcome of interest is time to an event (e.g., death, relapse of disease) and the primary goal is to identify the optimal individualized decision rule (IDR) to prolong survival time.…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-11 Yu Zhou , Lan Wang , Rui Song , Tuoyi Zhao

Dynamic treatment regimes (DTRs) are used in medicine to tailor sequential treatment decisions to patients by considering patient heterogeneity. Common methods for learning optimal DTRs, however, have shortcomings: they are typically based…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-06-21 Theresa Blümlein , Joel Persson , Stefan Feuerriegel

Accurately quantifying uncertainty of individual treatment effects (ITEs) across multiple decision points is crucial for personalized decision-making in fields such as healthcare, finance, education, and online marketplaces. Previous work…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-12-10 Swaraj Bose , Walter Dempsey

With the emergence of precision medicine, estimating optimal individualized decision rules (IDRs) has attracted tremendous attention in many scientific areas. Most existing literature has focused on finding optimal IDRs that can maximize…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-28 Zhengling Qi , Jong-Shi Pang , Yufeng Liu

An optimal individualized treatment rule (ITR) is a function that takes a patient's characteristics, such as demographics, biomarkers, and treatment history, and outputs a treatment that is expected to give the best outcome for that…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-05 Augustine Wigle , Erica E. M. Moodie

An individualized treatment rule (ITR) is a decision rule that recommends treatments for patients based on their individual feature variables. In many practices, the ideal ITR for the primary outcome is also expected to cause minimal harm…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-05-24 Daiqi Gao , Yuanjia Wang , Donglin Zeng

The complexity of human cancer often results in significant heterogeneity in response to treatment. Precision medicine offers potential to improve patient outcomes by leveraging this heterogeneity. Individualized treatment rules (ITRs)…

In many clinical trials, individuals in different subgroups have experience differential treatment effects. This leads to individualized differences in treatment benefit. In this article, we introduce the general concept of predictive…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-11 Debashis Ghosh , Youngjoo Cho

Precision medicine leverages patient heterogeneity to estimate individualized treatment regimens, formalized, data-driven approaches designed to match patients with optimal treatments. In the presence of competing events, where multiple…

Individualized treatment rules (ITRs) aim to optimize healthcare by tailoring treatment decisions to patient-specific characteristics. Existing methods typically rely on either interpretable but inflexible models or highly flexible…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-13 Yasin Khadem Charvadeh , Katherine S. Panageas , Yuan Chen

The burden of diseases is rising worldwide, with unequal treatment efficacy for patient populations that are underrepresented in clinical trials. Healthcare, however, is driven by the average population effect of medical treatments and,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Ghadeer O. Ghosheh , Moritz Gögl , Tingting Zhu

Learning individualized treatment rules (ITRs) is an important topic in precision medicine. Current literature mainly focuses on deriving ITRs from a single source population. We consider the observational data setting when the source…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-04 Rui Chen , Jared D. Huling , Guanhua Chen , Menggang Yu

Recent development in the data-driven decision science has seen great advances in individualized decision making. Given data with individual covariates, treatment assignments and outcomes, policy makers best individualized treatment rule…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-29 Weibin Mo , Zhengling Qi , Yufeng Liu