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In many applications of federated learning (FL), clients desire models that are personalized using their local data, yet are also robust in the sense that they retain general global knowledge. However, the presence of data heterogeneity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Liam Collins , Shanshan Wu , Sewoong Oh , Khe Chai Sim

CLIP has revolutionized zero-shot learning by enabling task generalization without fine-tuning. While prompting techniques like CoOp and CoCoOp enhance CLIP's adaptability, their effectiveness in Federated Learning (FL) remains an open…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Alessio Masano , Matteo Pennisi , Federica Proietto Salanitri , Concetto Spampinato , Giovanni Bellitto

Federated learning enables distributed clients to collaborate on training while storing their data locally to protect client privacy. However, due to the heterogeneity of data, models, and devices, the final global model may need to perform…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Wolong Xing , Zhenkui Shi , Hongyan Peng , Xiantao Hu , Xianxian Li

Federated learning (FL) is a promising paradigm to enable collaborative model training with decentralized data. However, the training process of Large Language Models (LLMs) generally incurs the update of significant parameters, which…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Tianshi Che , Ji Liu , Yang Zhou , Jiaxiang Ren , Jiwen Zhou , Victor S. Sheng , Huaiyu Dai , Dejing Dou

To address data heterogeneity, the key strategy of Personalized Federated Learning (PFL) is to decouple general knowledge (shared among clients) and client-specific knowledge, as the latter can have a negative impact on collaboration if not…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Xinghao Wu , Xuefeng Liu , Jianwei Niu , Haolin Wang , Shaojie Tang , Guogang Zhu , Hao Su

Multi-Label Recognition (MLR) based on Vision-Language Models (VLMs) aims to leverage their pre-trained knowledge to better adapt complex recognition scenarios, thereby enhancing model robustness. However, for realistic decentralized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xucong Wang , Pengkun Wang , Zhe Zhao , Liheng Yu , Shuang Wang , Yang Wang

Federated learning (FL) effectively mitigates the data silo challenge brought about by policies and privacy concerns, implicitly harnessing more data for deep model training. However, traditional centralized FL models grapple with diverse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-03 Li Lin , Yixiang Liu , Jiewei Wu , Pujin Cheng , Zhiyuan Cai , Kenneth K. Y. Wong , Xiaoying Tang

Federated Learning (FL) is a distributed machine learning (ML) paradigm, in which multiple clients collaboratively train ML models without centralizing their local data. Similar to conventional ML pipelines, the client local optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Haokun Chen , Denis Krompass , Jindong Gu , Volker Tresp

Unsupervised Federated Learning (UFL) aims to collaboratively train a global model across distributed clients without sharing data or accessing label information. Previous UFL works have predominantly focused on representation learning and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Kuangpu Guo , Lijun Sheng , Yongcan Yu , Jian Liang , Zilei Wang , Ran He

Federated learning (FL) holds great potential for medical applications. However, statistical heterogeneity across healthcare institutions poses a major challenge for FL, as the global model struggles both to generalize across unseen patient…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-04 Zoe Fowler , Ghassan AlRegib

Data heterogeneity is one of the most challenging issues in federated learning, which motivates a variety of approaches to learn personalized models for participating clients. One such approach in deep neural networks based tasks is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Jian Xu , Xinyi Tong , Shao-Lun Huang

Federated Learning (FL) is often impeded by communication overhead issues. Prompt tuning, as a potential solution, has been introduced to only adjust a few trainable parameters rather than the whole model. However, current single-modality…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Zihao Zhao , Zhenpeng Shi , Yang Liu , Wenbo Ding

Federated learning enables a population of clients to collaboratively train machine learning models without exchanging their raw data, but standard algorithms such as FedAvg suffer from slow convergence and high communication and memory…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Yutong He , Zhengyang Huang , Jiahe Geng

The prevalent personalized federated learning (PFL) usually pursues a trade-off between personalization and generalization by maintaining a shared global model to guide the training process of local models. However, the sole global model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Xueyang Tang , Song Guo , Jingcai Guo

Vision-language models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive zero-shot and few-shot learning capabilities, making them essential for several downstream tasks. However, fine-tuning these models at scale remains challenging, particularly in federated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Arkajyoti Mitra , Afia Anjum , Paul Agbaje , Mert Pesé , Habeeb Olufowobi

Federated Learning (FL) holds great potential for diverse applications owing to its privacy-preserving nature. However, its convergence is often challenged by non-IID data distributions, limiting its effectiveness in real-world deployments.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Kun Zhai , Yifeng Gao , Difan Zou , Guangnan Ye , Siheng Chen , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Standard federated learning approaches suffer when client data distributions have sufficient heterogeneity. Recent methods addressed the client data heterogeneity issue via personalized federated learning (PFL) - a class of FL algorithms…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Rishub Tamirisa , Chulin Xie , Wenxuan Bao , Andy Zhou , Ron Arel , Aviv Shamsian

Personalized recommendation increasingly relies on private user data, motivating approaches that can adapt to individuals without centralizing their information. We present Federated Targeted Recommendations with Evolving Knowledge graphs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Fernando Spadea , Oshani Seneviratne

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as important components across various fields, yet their training requires substantial computation resources and abundant labeled data. It poses a challenge to robustly training LLMs for individual…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Jiaxing QI , Zhongzhi Luan , Shaohan Huang , Carol Fung , Hailong Yang , Depei Qian

Vision-language models like CLIP have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot capabilities, yet their adaptation to federated learning scenarios presents significant challenges, particularly regarding generalization to unseen classes. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Suraj Prasad , Anubha Pant