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We informally review the construction of spacetime geometries with multifractal and, more generally, multiscale properties. Based on fractional calculus, these continuous spacetimes have their dimension changing with the scale; they display…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2012-10-10 Gianluca Calcagni

Loop quantum gravity is an approach to quantum gravity that starts from the Hamiltonian formulation in terms of a connection and its canonical conjugate. Quantization proceeds in the spirit of Dirac: First one defines an algebra of basic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Jerzy Lewandowski , Andrzej Okolow , Hanno Sahlmann , Thomas Thiemann

Quantization of diffeomorphism invariant theories of connections is studied. A solutions of the diffeomorphism constraints is found. The space of solutions is equipped with an inner product that is shown to satisfy the physical reality…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-11-01 Abhay Ashtekar , Jerzy Lewandowski , Donald Marolf , Jose Mourao , Thomas Thiemann

Theoretical descriptions of observable quantities in cosmological perturbation theory should be independent of coordinate systems. This statement is often referred to as gauge-invariance of observable quantities, and the sanity of their…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-09-20 Jaiyul Yoo , Ruth Durrer

Many learning algorithms have invariances: when their training data is transformed in certain ways, the function they learn transforms in a predictable manner. Here we formalize this notion using concepts from the mathematical field of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Kenneth D. Harris

Since the particles such as molecules, atoms and nuclei are composite particles, it is important to recognize that physics must be invariant for the composite particles and their constituent particles, this requirement is called particle…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2007-05-23 H. Y. Cui

Within the Hamiltonian formulation of diffeomorphism invariant theories we address the problem of how to determine and how to reduce diffeomorphisms outside the identity component.

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-30 Domenico Giulini

We discuss the most general class of teleparallel scalar-torsion theories of gravity in their covariant formulation. The only restrictions we impose are the invariance of the action under diffeomorphisms and local Lorentz transformations,…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2018-09-12 Manuel Hohmann

We formally prove the existence of a quantization procedure that makes the path integral of a general diffeomorphism-invariant theory of gravity, with fixed total spacetime volume, equivalent to that of its unimodular version. This is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-01-05 Gustavo P. de Brito , Oleg Melichev , Roberto Percacci , Antonio D. Pereira

The configuration space of general relativity is superspace - the space of all Riemannian 3-metrics modulo diffeomorphisms. However, it has been argued that the configuration space for gravity should be conformal superspace - the space of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-11-10 Bryan Kelleher

An axiomatization of the so-called Teleparallel Equivalent to General Relativity is presented. A set of formal and semantic postulates are elaborated from where the physical meaning of various key concepts of the theory are clarified. These…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2017-11-27 Luciano Combi , Gustavo E. Romero

An argument is made to show that the singularity in the General Theory of Relativity (GTR) is the expression of a non-Machian feature. It can be avoided with a scale-invariant dynamical theory, a property lacking in GTR. It is further…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 M. M. Verma

The curvature of a spacetime, either in a topological sense, or averaged over super-horizon-sized patches, is often equated with the global curvature term that appears in Friedmann's equation. In general, however, the Universe is…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-04-21 Chi Tian , Stefano Anselmi , Matthew F. Carney , John T. Giblin , James Mertens , Glenn Starkman

Generalized uncertainty principles are able to serve as useful descriptions of some of the phenomenology of quantum gravity effects, providing an intuitive grasp on non-trivial space-time structures such as a fundamental discreteness of…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-03 Martin Bojowald , Achim Kempf

We construct a theory of particles moving in curved both momentum space and spacetime, being a generalization of Relative Locality. We find that in order to construct such theory, with desired symmetries, including the general coordinate…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-03-05 Francesco Cianfrani , Jerzy Kowalski-Glikman , Giacomo Rosati

Symmetries play an important role in fundamental physics. In gravity and field theories, particular attention has been paid to Weyl (or conformal) symmetry. However, once the theory contains a scalar field, conformal transformations of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-04-24 Guillem Domènech , Alexander Ganz

The concept of the space-time as emerging in the world phase transition, vs. a priori exiting, is put forward. The theory of gravity with two basic symmetries, the global affine one and the general covariance, is developed. Implications for…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Yu. F. Pirogov

As a toy model for the implementation of the diffeomorphism constraint, the interpretation of the resulting states, and the treatment of ordering ambiguities in loop quantum gravity, we consider the Hilbert space of spatially diffeomorphism…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2008-11-26 Hanno Sahlmann

For more than half a century, moments have attracted lot ot interest in the pattern recognition community.The moments of a distribution (an object) provide several of its characteristics as center of gravity, orientation, disparity, volume.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-07-19 Omar Tahri

This paper defines the spacetime geometry attached with observor as vacuum geometry (it defines the idea physical measurement geometry) and the spacetime geometry attached with matter as spacetime geometry. The initial spacetime geometry…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Xiao Jianuha