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The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the main research fields in the Cybersecurity domain. This is due to (a) the increased dependency on automated device, and (b) the inadequacy of general purpose Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) to be…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-17 Hanan Hindy , Ethan Bayne , Miroslav Bures , Robert Atkinson , Christos Tachtatzis , Xavier Bellekens

The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to enhance older adults' independence and quality of life, but it also exposes them to security, privacy, accessibility, and usability (SPAU) risks. We conducted a systematic review of 44…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Suleiman Saka , Sanchari Das

The ongoing trend to move industrial appliances from previously isolated networks to the Internet requires fundamental changes in security to uphold secure and safe operation. Consequently, to ensure end-to-end secure communication and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-02 Markus Dahlmanns , Johannes Lohmöller , Jan Pennekamp , Jörn Bodenhausen , Klaus Wehrle , Martin Henze

It is critical to secure the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) devices because of potentially devastating consequences in case of an attack. Machine learning and big data analytics are the two powerful leverages for analyzing and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Maede Zolanvari , Marcio A. Teixeira , Lav Gupta , Khaled M. Khan , Raj Jain

This paper analyzes the security of the Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) protocol in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). The main objective consists of identifying vulnerabilities and proposing security improvements.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Ricardo Venâncio , Clarisse Sousa , Filipe Duarte , Luís Ribeiro

The latest surveys estimate an increasing number of connected Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices (around 16 billion) despite the sector's shortage of manufacturers. All these devices deployed into the wild will collect data to guide…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Keila Lima , Tosin Daniel Oyetoyan , Rogardt Heldal , Wilhelm Hasselbring

The Model Context Protocol (MCP) is emerging as a common interface connecting large language models (LLMs) with external services. Remote deployments are becoming increasingly important as agents connect to user-linked online services, such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Huijun Zhou , Xiaohan Zhang , Haozhe Zhang , Haoyang Zhang , Mi Zhang , Min Yang

The Internet of Things (IoT) and Large Language Models (LLMs) have been two major emerging players in the information technology era. Although there has been significant coverage of their individual capabilities, our literature survey sheds…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Kushal Khatiwada , Jayden Hopper , Joseph Cheatham , Ayan Joshi , Sabur Baidya

After more than 40 years of development, the fundamental TCP/IP protocol suite, serving as the backbone of the Internet, is widely recognized for having achieved an elevated level of robustness and security. Distinctively, we take a new…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-11-20 Xuewei Feng , Qi Li , Kun Sun , Ke Xu , Jianping Wu

The Medical Internet of Things (MIoT) has enabled small, ubiquitous medical devices to communicate with each other to facilitate interconnected healthcare delivery. These devices interact using communication protocols like MQTT, Bluetooth,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-08 Ayushi Mishra , Tej Kiran Boppana , Priyanka Bagade

As device interconnectivity and ubiquitous computing continues to proliferate healthcare, the Medical Internet of Things (MIoT), also well known as the, Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) or the Internet of Healthcare Things (IoHT), is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-08-05 George W. Jackson, , Shawon Rahman

IoT devices particularly microcontrollers are challenged by their inherent limitations in processing capabilities, memory capacity, and energy conservation. Securing communication within IoT networks is further complicated by the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Vasilis Ieropoulos , Eirini Anthi , Theodoros Spyridopoulos , Pete Burnap , Aftab Khan , Pietro Carnelli

A few potential IoT communication protocols at the application layer have been proposed, including MQTT, CoAP and REST HTTP, with the latter being the protocol of choice for software developers due to its compatibility with the existing…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2022-07-13 Cao Vien Phung , Mounir Bensalem , Admela Jukan

The rapid proliferation of IoT nodes equipped with microphones and capable of performing on-device audio classification exposes highly sensitive data while operating under tight resource constraints. To protect against this, we present a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Sergio Benlloch-Lopez , Miquel Viel-Vazquez , Javier Naranjo-Alcazar , Jordi Grau-Haro , Pedro Zuccarello

The Internet has recently witnessed unprecedented growth of a class of connected assets called the Internet of Things (IoT). Due to relatively immature manufacturing processes and limited computing resources, IoTs have inadequate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Arman Pashamokhtari

The rapid expansion of IoT devices has outpaced current identification methods, creating significant risks for security, privacy, and network accountability. These challenges are heightened in open-world environments, where traffic metadata…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Rameen Mahmood , Tousif Ahmed , Sai Teja Peddinti , Danny Yuxing Huang

Network telescopes serve as a critical passive monitoring tool for capturing unsolicited Internet traffic, providing insights into global scanning and reconnaissance behavior. This study analyzes a 10-day dataset during January 2025…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Shereen Ismail , Taelyn Dyer , Raul Martinez , Garrett Gastman , Yozelyn Chavez , Asma Jodeiri Akbarfam

The increasing complexity and scale of the Internet of Things (IoT) have made security a critical concern. This paper presents a novel Large Language Model (LLM)-based framework for comprehensive threat detection and prevention in IoT…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Yazan Otoum , Arghavan Asad , Amiya Nayak

The fast increment in the number of IoT (Internet of Things) devices is accelerating the research on new solutions to make cloud services scalable. In this context, the novel concept of fog computing as well as the combined fog-to-cloud…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Jasenka Dizdarevic , Francisco Carpio , Admela Jukan , Xavi Masip-Bruin

The Internet of Things (IoT) market is rapidly growing and is expected to double from 2020 to 2025. The increasing use of IoT devices, particularly in smart homes, raises crucial concerns about user privacy and security as these devices…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-24 Philipp Pütz , Richard Mitev , Markus Miettinen , Ahmad-Reza Sadeghi