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A key challenge in learning from multimodal biological data is missing modalities, where data from one or more modalities are absent for some patients. Existing approaches either exclude patients with missing modalities, impute missing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Sina Tabakhi , Chen , Chen , Haiping Lu

Histopathology remains the gold standard for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. With the advent of transcriptome profiling, multi-modal learning combining transcriptomics with histology offers more comprehensive information. However, existing…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Yupei Zhang , Xiaofei Wang , Anran Liu , Lequan Yu , Chao Li

Lung cancer has been one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide for years. With the emergence of deep learning, computer-assisted diagnosis (CAD) models based on learning algorithms can accelerate the nodule screening…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-03 Xuan Zhao , Benjamin Hou

Accurate survival prediction in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) requires integrating clinical, radiological, and histopathological data. Multimodal Deep Learning (MDL) can improve precision prognosis, but small cohorts and missing…

The analysis of multi-modality positron emission tomography and computed tomography (PET-CT) images for computer aided diagnosis applications requires combining the sensitivity of PET to detect abnormal regions with anatomical localization…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-29 Ashnil Kumar , Michael Fulham , Dagan Feng , Jinman Kim

In clinical practice, tri-modal medical image fusion, compared to the existing dual-modal technique, can provide a more comprehensive view of the lesions, aiding physicians in evaluating the disease's shape, location, and biological…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-16 Yushen Xu , Xiaosong Li , Yuchan Jie , Haishu Tan

Managing fluid balance in dialysis patients is crucial, as improper management can lead to severe complications. In this paper, we propose a multimodal approach that integrates visual features from lung ultrasound images with clinical data…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-04 Tianqi Yang , Nantheera Anantrasirichai , Oktay Karakuş , Marco Allinovi , Alin Achim

Multimodal Machine Learning offers a holistic view of a patient's status, integrating structured and unstructured data from electronic health records (EHR). We propose a framework to predict metastasis risk one month prior to diagnosis,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Franco Rugolon , Korbinian Randl , Braslav Jovanovic , Ioanna Miliou , Panagiotis Papapetrou

The combination of electronic health records (EHR) and medical images is crucial for clinicians in making diagnoses and forecasting prognosis. Strategically fusing these two data modalities has great potential to improve the accuracy of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-24 Wenfang Yao , Kejing Yin , William K. Cheung , Jia Liu , Jing Qin

Accurate survival prediction from multimodal medical data is essential for precision oncology, yet clinical deployment faces a persistent challenge: modalities are frequently incomplete due to cost constraints, technical limitations, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Kyungwon Kim , Dosik Hwang

Foundation models (FMs) have demonstrated strong performance across diverse pathology tasks. While there are similarities in the pre-training objectives of FMs, there is still limited understanding of their complementarity, redundancy in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Brennan Flannery , Thomas DeSilvio , Jane Nguyen , Satish E. Viswanath

Multi-modal learning plays a crucial role in cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Current deep learning based multi-modal approaches are often limited by their abilities to model the complex correlations between genomics and histology data,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Yupei Zhang , Xiaofei Wang , Fangliangzi Meng , Jin Tang , Chao Li

Diagnosing esophageal motility disorders pose significant challenges due to the complexity of high-resolution impedance manometry (HRIM) data and variability in clinical interpretation. This work explores the feasibility of a multimodal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Alexander Geiger , Lars Wagner , Daniel Rueckert , Alois Knoll , Dirk Wilhelm , Alissa Jell

Multimodal fusion has emerged as a promising paradigm for disease diagnosis and prognosis, integrating complementary information from heterogeneous data sources such as medical images, clinical records, and radiology reports. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Chongyu Qu , Zhengyi Lu , Yuxiang Lai , Thomas Z. Li , Junchao Zhu , Junlin Guo , Juming Xiong , Yanfan Zhu , Yuechen Yang , Allen J. Luna , Kim L. Sandler , Bennett A. Landman , Yuankai Huo

The diagnosis and prognosis of cancer are typically based on multi-modal clinical data, including histology images and genomic data, due to the complex pathogenesis and high heterogeneity. Despite the advancements in digital pathology and…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-15 Zeyu Zhang , Yuanshen Zhao , Jingxian Duan , Yaou Liu , Hairong Zheng , Dong Liang , Zhenyu Zhang , Zhi-Cheng Li

Cancer clinics capture disease data at various scales, from genetic to organ level. Current bioinformatic methods struggle to handle the heterogeneous nature of this data, especially with missing modalities. We propose PARADIGM, a Graph…

Cell Behavior · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-22 Asim Waqas , Aakash Tripathi , Paul Stewart , Mia Naeini , Matthew B. Schabath , Ghulam Rasool

Cancer evolves continuously over time through a complex interplay of genetic, epigenetic, microenvironmental, and phenotypic changes. This dynamic behavior drives uncontrolled cell growth, metastasis, immune evasion, and therapy resistance,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-08 Luoting Zhuang , Stephen H. Park , Steven J. Skates , Ashley E. Prosper , Denise R. Aberle , William Hsu

Accurate cancer survival prediction is crucial for assisting clinical doctors in formulating treatment plans. Multimodal data, including histopathological images and genomic data, offer complementary and comprehensive information that can…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Hui Luo , Jiashuang Huang , Hengrong Ju , Tianyi Zhou , Weiping Ding

Omics fusion has emerged as a crucial preprocessing approach in the field of medical image processing, providing significant assistance to several studies. One of the challenges encountered in the integration of omics data is the presence…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-02-17 Jiabao Sheng , SaiKit Lam , Jiang Zhang , Yuanpeng Zhang , Jing Cai

Accurate segmentation of rectal lymph nodes is crucial for the staging and treatment planning of rectal cancer. However, the complexity of the surrounding anatomical structures and the scarcity of annotated data pose significant challenges.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-28 Weidong Guo , Hantao Zhang , Shouhong Wan , Bingbing Zou , Wanqin Wang , Peiquan Jin