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Recent works have demonstrated the effectiveness of self-alignment in which a large language model is aligned to follow general instructions using instructional data generated from the model itself starting from a handful of human-written…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Junmo Kang , Hongyin Luo , Yada Zhu , Jacob Hansen , James Glass , David Cox , Alan Ritter , Rogerio Feris , Leonid Karlinsky

A prominent achievement of natural language processing (NLP) is its ability to understand and generate meaningful human language. This capability relies on complex feedforward transformer block architectures pre-trained on large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Ronit D. Gross , Yarden Tzach , Tal Halevi , Ella Koresh , Ido Kanter

In this paper, we study whether domain specific pretraining of small generative language models (SLM) from scratch with domain specialized tokenizer and Chain-of-Thought (CoT) instruction fine-tuning results in competitive performance on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Mitodru Niyogi , Arnab Bhattacharya

Continued pre-training of small language models offers a promising path for domain adaptation with limited computational resources. I've investigated this approach within educational domains, evaluating it as a resource-efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Salman Faroz

Fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs) for downstream tasks, performed on domain-specific data has shown significant promise. However, commercial use of such LLMs is limited by the high computational cost required for their deployment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Boris Nazarov , Darya Frolova , Yackov Lubarsky , Alexei Gaissinski , Pavel Kisilev

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant potential to accelerate scientific discovery as valuable tools for analyzing data, generating hypotheses, and supporting innovative approaches in various scientific fields. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Jin Huang , Silviu Cucerzan , Sujay Kumar Jauhar , Ryen W. White

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across diverse domains. However, effectively leveraging their vast knowledge for training smaller downstream models remains an open challenge, especially in domains like…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Davor Vukadin , Marin Šilić , Goran Delač

We investigate how to teach large language models (LLMs) to perform scientific reasoning by leveraging expert discussions as a learning signal. Focusing on the genomics domain, we develop an automated pipeline to extract trainable data and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Ming Yin , Yuanhao Qu , Ling Yang , Le Cong , Mengdi Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) exhibit a puzzling disparity in their formal linguistic competence: while they learn some linguistic phenomena with near-perfect mastery, they often perform below chance on others, even after training on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 H S V N S Kowndinya Renduchintala , Sumit Bhatia

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance across various natural language tasks, marking significant strides towards general artificial intelligence. While general artificial intelligence is leveraged by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-31 Yizhe Yang , Huashan Sun , Jiawei Li , Runheng Liu , Yinghao Li , Yuhang Liu , Heyan Huang , Yang Gao

In the domain of data science, the predictive tasks of classification, regression, and imputation of missing values are commonly encountered challenges associated with tabular data. This research endeavors to apply Large Language Models…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Yazheng Yang , Yuqi Wang , Yaxuan Li , Sankalok Sen , Lei Li , Lin Qiu , Qi Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs), despite their great power in language generation, often encounter challenges when dealing with intricate and knowledge-demanding queries in specific domains. This paper introduces a novel approach to enhance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-20 Ruohong Zhang , Luyu Gao , Chen Zheng , Zhen Fan , Guokun Lai , Zheng Zhang , Fangzhou Ai , Yiming Yang , Hongxia Yang

When we read, we make predictions about upcoming words; these predictions influence our reading behavior. The success of large language models (LLMs), which, like humans, make predictions about upcoming words, has motivated their use as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Byung-Doh Oh , Tal Linzen

Language models (LMs) are pre-trained on raw text datasets to generate text sequences token-by-token. While this approach facilitates the learning of world knowledge and reasoning, it does not explicitly optimize for linguistic competence.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Atsuki Yamaguchi , Maggie Mi , Nikolaos Aletras

We investigate the predictability of large language model (LLM) capabilities: given records of past experiments using different model families, numbers of parameters, tasks, and numbers of in-context examples, can we accurately predict LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Qinyuan Ye , Harvey Yiyun Fu , Xiang Ren , Robin Jia

Recently, Large Language Models (LLM) have demonstrated impressive capability to solve a wide range of tasks. However, despite their success across various tasks, no prior work has investigated their capability in the biomedical domain yet.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Israt Jahan , Md Tahmid Rahman Laskar , Chun Peng , Jimmy Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently been shown to produce estimates of psycholinguistic norms, such as valence, arousal, or concreteness, for words and multiword expressions, that correlate with human judgments. These estimates are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Thomas Hikaru Clark , Carlos Arriaga , Javier Conde , Gonzalo Martínez , Pedro Reviriego

Understanding the dynamics of counseling conversations is an important task, yet it is a challenging NLP problem regardless of the recent advance of Transformer-based pre-trained language models. This paper proposes a systematic approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Younghun Lee , Dan Goldwasser , Laura Schwab Reese

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated capabilities across diverse domains, yet their performance on rare disease diagnosis from narrative medical cases remains underexplored. We introduce a novel dataset of 176 symptom-diagnosis…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Arsh Gupta , Ajay Narayanan Sridhar , Bonam Mingole , Amulya Yadav

Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in natural language processing (NLP), showing a promising future of artificial generated intelligence (AGI). Despite their notable performance in the general domain, LLMs have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-23 Jingyuan Chen , Tao Wu , Wei Ji , Fei Wu