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Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited impressive natural language processing capabilities but often perpetuate social biases inherent in their training data. To address this, we introduce MultiLingual Augmented Bias Testing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Alessio Buscemi , Cédric Lothritz , Sergio Morales , Marcos Gomez-Vazquez , Robert Clarisó , Jordi Cabot , German Castignani

From disinformation spread by AI chatbots to AI recommendations that inadvertently reinforce stereotypes, textual bias poses a significant challenge to the trustworthiness of large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we propose a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Tianyi Huang , Elsa Fan

Evaluating true metacognition in Large Language Models (LLMs) is difficult due to biases and heuristics. This paper presents a framework to measure and enhance LLM metacognition while controlling for these biases. A measurement method using…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Sangjun Park , Elliot Meyerson , Xin Qiu , Risto Miikkulainen

The output tendencies of Pre-trained Language Models (PLM) vary markedly before and after Fine-Tuning (FT) due to the updates to the model parameters. These divergences in output tendencies result in a gap in the social biases of PLMs. For…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Masahiro Kaneko , Danushka Bollegala , Timothy Baldwin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have excelled at language understanding and generating human-level text. However, even with supervised training and human alignment, these LLMs are susceptible to adversarial attacks where malicious users can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Shachi H Kumar , Saurav Sahay , Sahisnu Mazumder , Eda Okur , Ramesh Manuvinakurike , Nicole Beckage , Hsuan Su , Hung-yi Lee , Lama Nachman

Many internet applications are powered by machine learned models, which are usually trained on labeled datasets obtained through either implicit / explicit user feedback signals or human judgments. Since societal biases may be present in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Sriram Vasudevan , Krishnaram Kenthapadi

Knowledge Editing has emerged as a promising solution for efficiently updating embedded knowledge in large language models (LLMs). While existing approaches demonstrate effectiveness in integrating new knowledge and preserving the original…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Mengqi Zhang , Zisheng Zhou , Xiaotian Ye , Qiang Liu , Zhaochun Ren , Zhumin Chen , Pengjie Ren

Large Language Models (LLMs) can achieve inflated scores on multiple-choice tasks by exploiting inherent biases in option positions or labels, rather than demonstrating genuine understanding. This study introduces SCOPE, an evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Wonjun Jeong , Dongseok Kim , Taegkeun Whangbo

Mitigating bias in training on biased datasets is an important open problem. Several techniques have been proposed, however the typical evaluation regime is very limited, considering very narrow data conditions. For instance, the effect of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Xudong Han , Aili Shen , Trevor Cohn , Timothy Baldwin , Lea Frermann

Large Language Models (LLMs) inherit societal biases from their training data, potentially leading to harmful or unfair outputs. While various techniques aim to mitigate these biases, their effects are often evaluated only along the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Shireen Chand , Faith Baca , Emilio Ferrara

Although much work in NLP has focused on measuring and mitigating stereotypical bias in semantic spaces, research addressing bias in computational argumentation is still in its infancy. In this paper, we address this research gap and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-11 Carolin Holtermann , Anne Lauscher , Simone Paolo Ponzetto

Increasingly, software is making autonomous decisions in case of criminal sentencing, approving credit cards, hiring employees, and so on. Some of these decisions show bias and adversely affect certain social groups (e.g. those defined by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Joymallya Chakraborty , Suvodeep Majumder , Tim Menzies

This paper presents fairlib, an open-source framework for assessing and improving classification fairness. It provides a systematic framework for quickly reproducing existing baseline models, developing new methods, evaluating models with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Xudong Han , Aili Shen , Yitong Li , Lea Frermann , Timothy Baldwin , Trevor Cohn

The rapid advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) and Large Visual-Language Models (LVLMs) have opened up new opportunities for integrating visual and linguistic modalities. However, effectively aligning these modalities remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Sihan Yang , Chenhang Cui , Zihao Zhao , Yiyang Zhou , Weilong Yan , Ying Wei , Huaxiu Yao

Over the last year, Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have become widely available and have exhibited fairness issues similar to those in previous machine learning systems. Current research is primarily focused on analyzing and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-04 Anna Kruspe

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed the field of artificial intelligence by unlocking the era of generative applications. Built on top of generative AI capabilities, Agentic AI represents a major shift toward autonomous,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Karanbir Singh , Deepak Muppiri , William Ngu

Mitigation of biases, such as language models' reliance on gender stereotypes, is a crucial endeavor required for the creation of reliable and useful language technology. The crucial aspect of debiasing is to ensure that the models preserve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Tomasz Limisiewicz , David Mareček , Tomáš Musil

Modern language models are trained on large amounts of data. These data inevitably include controversial and stereotypical content, which contains all sorts of biases related to gender, origin, age, etc. As a result, the models express…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Aleksandra Sorokovikova , Pavel Chizhov , Iuliia Eremenko , Ivan P. Yamshchikov

Large Language Models (LLMs) can generate biased responses. Yet previous direct probing techniques contain either gender mentions or predefined gender stereotypes, which are challenging to comprehensively collect. Hence, we propose an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Xiangjue Dong , Yibo Wang , Philip S. Yu , James Caverlee

Debiasing language models from unwanted behaviors in Natural Language Understanding tasks is a topic with rapidly increasing interest in the NLP community. Spurious statistical correlations in the data allow models to perform shortcuts and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Johannes Mario Meissner , Saku Sugawara , Akiko Aizawa
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