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Graph Neural Networks have shown strong performance in traffic volume forecasting, particularly on highways and major arterial networks. Applying them to urban settings, however, presents unique challenges: urban networks exhibit greater…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Silke K. Kaiser , Filipe Rodrigues , Carlos Lima Azevedo , Lynn H. Kaack

Mobility performance has been a key focus in cellular networks up to 5G. To enhance handover (HO) performance, 3GPP introduced Conditional Handover (CHO) and Layer 1/Layer 2 Triggered Mobility (LTM) mechanisms in 5G. While these reactive HO…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Ana Gonzalez Bermudez , Miquel Farreras , Milan Groshev , José Antonio Trujillo , Isabel de la Bandera , Raquel Barco

Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) has been widely applied in transportation demand prediction due to its excellent ability to capture non-Euclidean spatial dependence among station-level or regional transportation demands. However, in most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Junchen Ye , Leilei Sun , Bowen Du , Yanjie Fu , Hui Xiong

Cellular traffic forecasting is a critical task that enables network operators to efficiently allocate resources and address anomalies in rapidly evolving environments. The exponential growth of data collected from base stations poses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Theodoros Tsiolakis , Nikolaos Pavlidis , Vasileios Perifanis , Pavlos Efraimidis

The roll out of new mobile network generations poses hard challenges due to various factors such as cost-benefit tradeoffs, existing infrastructure, and new technology aspects. In particular, one of the main challenges for the 5G deployment…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Paul Almasan , José Suárez-Varela , Andra Lutu , Albert Cabellos-Aparicio , Pere Barlet-Ros

Accurate traffic flow forecasting is a crucial research topic in transportation management. However, it is a challenging problem due to rapidly changing traffic conditions, high nonlinearity of traffic flow, and complex spatial and temporal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Sanghyun Lee , Chanyoung Park

Traffic prediction is the cornerstone of an intelligent transportation system. Accurate traffic forecasting is essential for the applications of smart cities, i.e., intelligent traffic management and urban planning. Although various methods…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Fuxian Li , Jie Feng , Huan Yan , Guangyin Jin , Depeng Jin , Yong Li

Traffic forecasting is crucial for urban traffic management and guidance. However, existing methods rarely exploit the time-frequency properties of traffic speed observations, and often neglect the propagation of traffic flows from upstream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-16 Na Zhang , Xuefeng Guan , Jun Cao , Xinglei Wang , Huayi Wu

Neural forecasting of spatiotemporal time series drives both research and industrial innovation in several relevant application domains. Graph neural networks (GNNs) are often the core component of the forecasting architecture. However, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Andrea Cini , Ivan Marisca , Filippo Maria Bianchi , Cesare Alippi

The cellular network plays a pivotal role in providing Internet access, since it is the only global-scale infrastructure with ubiquitous mobility support. To manage and maintain large-scale networks, mobile network operators require timely…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Konstantinos Zacharopoulos , Georgios Koutroumpas , Ioannis Arapakis , Konstantinos Georgopoulos , Javad Khangosstar , Sotiris Ioannidis

Graph Neural Networks (GNN) show great promise in problems dealing with graph-structured data. One of the unique points of GNNs is their flexibility to adapt to multiple problems, which not only leads to wide applicability, but also poses…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-17 Axel Wassington , Sergi Abadal

Forecasting electricity demand is increasingly challenging as energy systems become more decentralized and intertwined with renewable sources. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have recently emerged as a powerful paradigm to model spatial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Eloi Campagne , Yvenn Amara-Ouali , Yannig Goude , Itai Zehavi , Argyris Kalogeratos

This paper focuses on spatiotemporal (ST) traffic prediction using graph neural networks (GNNs). Given that ST data comprises non-stationary and complex temporal patterns, interpreting and predicting such trends is inherently challenging.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Osama Ahmad , Lukas Wesemann , Fabian Waschkowski , Zubair Khalid

Vehicle flow, a crucial indicator for transportation, is often limited by detector coverage. With the advent of extensive mobile network coverage, we can leverage mobile user activities, or cellular traffic, on roadways as a proxy for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 ChungYi Lin , Shen-Lung Tung , Hung-Ting Su , Winston H. Hsu

Accurate predictions of base stations' traffic load are essential to mobile cellular operators and their users as they support the efficient use of network resources and allow delivery of services that sustain smart cities and roads.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Natalia Vesselinova , Matti Harjula , Pauliina Ilmonen

Real-time and precise traffic flow prediction is vital for the efficiency of intelligent transportation systems. Traditional methods often employ graph neural networks (GNNs) with predefined graphs to describe spatial correlations among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Ben-Ao Dai , Bao-Lin Ye , Lingxi Li

Large amounts of traffic can lead to negative effects such as increased car accidents, air pollution, and significant time wasted. Understanding traffic speeds on any given road segment can be highly beneficial for traffic management…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Alexandru T. Cismaru

This work provides a comprehensive analysis and interpretation of the graph spectral representation of traffic scenarios. Based on a spatio-temporal vehicle interaction graph, an observed traffic scenario can be transformed into the graph…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Marion Neumeier , Sebastian Dorn , Michael Botsch , Wolfgang Utschick

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have gained considerable attention in recent years for traffic flow prediction due to their ability to learn spatio-temporal pattern representations through a graph-based message-passing framework. Although GNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Qianru Zhang , Xinyi Gao , Haixin Wang , Siu-Ming Yiu , Hongzhi Yin

Autonomous vehicle navigation in shared pedestrian environments requires the ability to predict future crowd motion both accurately and with minimal delay. Understanding the uncertainty of the prediction is also crucial. Most existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Kunming Li , Stuart Eiffert , Mao Shan , Francisco Gomez-Donoso , Stewart Worrall , Eduardo Nebot
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