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In today's global economy, supply chain (SC) entities have become increasingly interconnected with demand and supply relationships due to the need for strategic outsourcing. Such interdependence among firms not only increases efficiency but…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-11-16 Qihui Yang , Caterina Scoglio , Don Gruenbacher

Supply chains (SCs), complex networks spanning from raw material acquisition to product delivery, with enterprises as interconnected nodes, play a pivotal role in organizational success. However, optimizing SCs remains challenging,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Shenghan Gao , Junye Wang , Junjie Xiong , Yun Jiang , Yun Fang , Qifan Hu , Baolong Liu , Quan Li

During various stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, countries implemented diverse vaccine management approaches, influenced by variations in infrastructure and socio-economic conditions. This article provides a comprehensive overview of…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-05-27 Shibshankar Dey , Ali Kaan Kurbanzade , Esma S. Gel , Joseph Mihaljevic , Sanjay Mehrotra

With the significant rise in demand for same-day instant deliveries, several courier services are exploring alternatives to transport packages in a cost- and time-effective, as well as, sustainable manner. Motivated by a real-life case…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Suchithra Rajendran , Aidan Harper

The impact of globalization and worldwide competition has forced firms to modify their strategies towards a real time operation with respect to customer's requirements. This behaviour, together with the communication possibilities offered…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Yacine Ouzrout , Matteo Savino , Abdelaziz Bouras , Carlo Di Domenico

Global health emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, have exposed critical weaknesses in traditional medical supply chains, including inefficiencies in resource allocation, lack of transparency, and poor adaptability to dynamic…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Mariam ALMutairi , Hyungmin Kim

Large-scale crises, including wars and pandemics, have repeatedly shaped human history, and their simultaneous occurrence presents profound challenges to societies. Understanding the dynamics of epidemic spread during warfare is essential…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-23 Adi Shuchami , Teddy Lazebnik

This study investigates large language model (LLM) -based multi-agent systems (MASs) as a promising approach to inventory management, which is a key component of supply chain management. Although these systems have gained considerable…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Konosuke Yoshizato , Kazuma Shimizu , Ryota Higa , Takanobu Otsuka

The year 2020 has seen the COVID-19 virus lead to one of the worst global pandemics in history. As a result, governments around the world are faced with the challenge of protecting public health, while keeping the economy running to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-22 Varun Kompella , Roberto Capobianco , Stacy Jong , Jonathan Browne , Spencer Fox , Lauren Meyers , Peter Wurman , Peter Stone

Compartmental models (written as $CM$) and agent-based models (written as $AM$) are dominant methods in the field of epidemic simulation. But in the literature there lacks discussion on how to build the \textbf{quantitative relationship}…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Boyan Xu

Agent-based modelling and simulation offers a new and exciting way of understanding the world of work. In this paper we describe the development of an agent-based simulation model, designed to help to understand the relationship between…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2010-07-05 Peer-Olaf Siebers , Uwe Aickelin , Helen Celia , Christopher Clegg

The increasing vulnerability of electrical distribution systems to extreme weather events and cyber threats necessitates the development of economically viable frameworks for resilience enhancement. While existing approaches focus primarily…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-07 Aniket Johri , Divyanshi Dwivedi , Mayukha Pal

Vaccines play a crucial role in the prevention and control of infectious diseases. However, the vaccine supply chain faces numerous challenges that hinder its efficiency. To address these challenges and enhance public health outcomes, many…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2025-10-07 Ran Gu , Enhui Ding , Shigui Ma

Individual business processes have been changing since the Internet was created, and they are now oriented towards a more distributed and collaborative business model, in an e-commerce environment that adapts itself to the competitive and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Carlos R. Jaimez-González , Wulfrano A. Luna-Ramírez

The COVID19 pandemic has highlighted the lack of resilience in supply chains, as global networks fail from disruptions at single nodes and connections. Through an overview of the existing vaccine and pharmaceutical supply chain publications…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-12-01 Maureen S. Golan , Benjamin D. Trump , Jeffrey C. Cegan , Igor Linkov

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic drove a widespread, often uncoordinated effort by research groups to develop mathematical models of SARS-CoV-2 to study its spread and inform control efforts. The urgent demand for insight at the outset of…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-21 Alexander N. Pillai , Kok Ben Toh , Dianela Perdomo , Sanjana Bhargava , Arlin Stoltzfus , Ira M. Longini , Carl A. B. Pearson , Thomas J. Hladish

With increasing interest in adaptive clinical trial designs, challenges are present to drug supply chain management which may offset the benefit of adaptive designs. Thus, it is necessary to develop an optimization tool to facilitate the…

Applications · Statistics 2023-10-16 Jincheng Pang , Hong Yan , Zoe Hua

The COVID-19 pandemic exposed critical vulnerabilities in vaccine supply chains, highlighting the need for robust manufacturing for rapid pandemic response to support CEPI's 100 Days Mission. We develop a discrete-event simulation model to…

General Economics · Economics 2026-02-10 Robin Kelchtermans , Valentijn Stienen , Guido Dietrich , Mauro Bernuzzi , Nico Vandaele

Modern supply chains are increasingly exposed to disruptions from geopolitical events, demand shocks, trade restrictions, to natural disasters. While many of these disruptions originate deep in the supply network, most companies still lack…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Sara AlMahri , Liming Xu , Alexandra Brintrup

Agent-based models have proven to be useful tools in supporting decision-making processes in different application domains. The advent of modern computers and supercomputers has enabled these bottom-up approaches to realistically model…